NewgonWiki - User contributions [en]

Anonymous

2025-01-29T05:59:18Z

PCMA: correcting link title to match URL

__NOTOC__'''Anonymous''' (2003 onwards, originally from the imageboard [[4chan]]) is a loosely affiliated cyber-terror [[Vigilantism|vigilante]]/hacker organization. The group became known for a series of well-publicized publicity stunts and distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks on government, religious, and corporate websites. Their symbols and identifiers are the Guy Fawkes mask and Man Without a Head.

==General History==

In its early form, the concept was adopted by a decentralized online community acting anonymously in a coordinated manner, usually toward a loosely self-agreed goal, and primarily focused on entertainment, or "lulz". Beginning with 2008's Project Chanology—a series of protests, pranks, and hacks targeting the Church of Scientology —the Anonymous collective became increasingly associated with collaborative, hacktivism on a number of issues internationally. Individuals claiming to align themselves with Anonymous undertook protests and other actions (including direct action) in retaliation against anti-digital piracy campaigns by motion picture and recording industry trade associations. Later targets of Anonymous hacktivism included government agencies of the US, Israel, Tunisia, Uganda, and others; child pornography sites; copyright protection agencies; the Westboro Baptist Church; and corporations such as PayPal, MasterCard, Visa, and Sony. Anons have publicly supported WikiLeaks and the Occupy movement. Related groups LulzSec and Operation AntiSec carried out cyberattacks on US government agencies, media, video game companies, military contractors, military personnel, and police officers, resulting in the attention of law enforcement to the groups activities.

Dozens of people have been arrested for involvement in Anonymous cyberattacks, in countries including the US, UK, Australia, the Netherlands, Spain, and Turkey. Evaluations of the group's actions and effectiveness vary widely. The Anonymous began as a group of politically motivated "freedom fighters" and digital Robin Hoods but has devolved into "a cyber lynch-mob" or "cyber terrorist organization".

==Of relevance to Minor Attracted People==

In January 2015, a group of Script kiddies (unskilled cyber attackers), led by a 16-year-old lesbian girl from North Carolina who called herself IncursioSubter, DDoS attacked the [[Free Spirits]] servers causing minor short term disruptions in service.

===Encyclopedia Dramatica===

:''See - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclopedia_Dramatica Wikipedia for latest URL.] Content examples (internal search): Pedophiles, Jailbait, Boylove, Pedobear.''

Encyclopedia Dramatica was founded in 2004 by Sherrod DeGrippo, initially as a means of documenting gossip related to LiveJournal, but it quickly was adopted as a major platform by Anonymous for parody and other purposes. Currently, ED hosts a collection of outdated and inaccurate articles that originated from [[anti]]-pedophile website, [[Wikisposure]]. In recent years, the site has taken on more of an uptight, [https://encyclopediadramatica.online/Moralfag moralfag tone] and a more rules-based approach to managing their pedophile related lulz content.

===Darknet efforts and #OpPedoChat===

Anons launched Operation Darknet in October 2011, targeting websites hosting [[child pornography]]. In particular, the group hacked a child pornography site called "Lolita City" hosted by Freedom Hosting, releasing 1,589 usernames from the site. Anons also said that they had disabled forty image-swapping pedophile websites that employed the anonymity network [[Tor]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130723084300/http://au.ibtimes.com/articles/391379/20121005/93-year-old-australian-faces-pedophilia-charges.htm#.UYXHPLXqmSo</ref> In 2012, Anons leaked the names of users of a suspected child porn site in OpDarknetV2.<ref>https://www.nbcnews.com/id/47435855/ns/technology_and_science-security/t/anonymous-attacks-suspected-pedophiles-again/</ref> Anonymous launched the #OpPedoChat campaign on [[MAP visibility on Twitter|Twitter]] in 2012 as a continuation of Operation Darknet. In attempt to eliminate child pornography from the internet, the group posted the emails and IP addresses of suspected pedophiles on the online forum PasteBin.<ref>"Anonymous Targets Pedophiles Via #OpPedoChat Campaign". PC Magazine. Retrieved October 28, 2016.
Steadman, Ian. "Anonymous launches #OpPedoChat, targets paedophiles". WIRED UK. Retrieved October 28, 2016.</ref>

===Lulz vs anti-pedophile anons===

'''Lulz''' is a term used in reference to often unintentionally funny internet content. Internet comedy - memetic, ironic and viral in nature, is embraced by a number of websites in a variety of ways. Encyclopedia Dramatica is used to chart a number of subjects and their relation to internet comedy - specifically '''lulz'''. Unlike [[Wikipedia censorship of MAP related topics|Wikipedia]] - a strictly encyclopedic, pseudo-scholarly, bureaucratic and somewhat reactionary medium, Encyclopedia Dramatica works off the principles of anarchy and comical justice.

The vulnerability of pedophiles and anti-pedophiles to lulz depends on factors both societal and personal. Put simply, it depends on whose emotional state can be spun into the biggest joke. Some pedophiles such as [[Geoffrey Leonard]] and tpka [[Dylan Thomas]] have exposed themselves to the cruel justice of lulz by making themselves easy targets. In failing to understand internet humour and trying far too hard to convey in image that the majority of web users will just not accept, such characters are said to become ''lulzcows''.

On the other hand, self-identifying internet pedophiles who accept their given allocation of mockery and externally-derived identity may be able to hit back, if they can themselves deliver in the world of internet humour. An example of this was '''Mark Miner''' - who after claiming to have exposed a corrupt, anti-pedophile police officer, was accepted for a presentation at a real-life lulz convention.

==External Links==

*[https://www.zdnet.com/article/anonymous-attacks-child-porn-websites-and-publish-user-names/ Anonymous (in the news)] - targeted child porn users.
*[https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2924864/Hacking-group-Anonymous-target-paedophiles.html Anonymous (in the news)] - later claim to target dark web CP users.
*[https://www.boywiki.org/en/Anonymous_(group) BoyWiki] - Contains sources for much of this stub article.
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonymous_(hacker_group)#cite_note-106 Wikipedia]
*[https://boychat.org/messages/1614178.htm BC Research]

==References==

[[Category:Official Encyclopedia]]
[[Category:Cyber Activism]][[Category:Anti-Pedophile culture]]
[[Category:Organisations]]
[[Category:Organisations: Unsympathetic]]
[[Category:Organisations: Vigilante & Hate]][[Category:Organisations: Web-based]][[Category:Organisations: International]]
[[Category:Law/Crime]]
[[Category:Law/Crime: International]][[Category:History & Events: International]][[Category:History & Events: 2000s]][[Category:History & Events: Real Crime]][[Category:History & Events: 2010s]][[Category:History & Events: 2020s]]
[[Category:Countries and Cultures]][[Category:Countries and Cultures: Subcultures]]
[[Category:Terminology]][[Category:Terminology: Popular]]

File:Not misgendering.png

2024-06-01T01:09:51Z

PCMA:

File:Sociopolitical Biases.pdf

2024-05-16T04:51:29Z

PCMA: Paul Okami's 1990 paper demonstrating the deeply flawed, agenda driven character of the "new research" that launched the now hegemonic CSA paradigm.

== Summary ==
Paul Okami's 1990 paper demonstrating the deeply flawed, agenda driven character of the "new research" that launched the now hegemonic CSA paradigm.

User:Hina

2024-05-09T23:50:44Z

PCMA: 7D6D036C2ED1E8ECA3133B5D65C82325B01972C5

=== Contact ===
Matrix: [https://element.nekos.cafe/#/user/@hinamizawashokogun22:nekos.cafe @HinamizawaShokogun22@nekos.cafe] 
Fedi: [https://fedi.yesmap.net/@Hina @Hina@fedi.yesmap.net] 
Email: [mailto:HinamizawaShokogun22@child.pizza HinamizawaShokogun22@child.pizza] 

=== [[:File:Hina.gpg|PGP Key]] ===
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=== Signature ===
I confirm that this message was written by me

My PGP Fingerprint is 7D6D036C2ED1E8ECA3133B5D65C82325B01972C5

Latest Bitcoin block: 00000000000000000001b0c193c923eb8df57f6766e7838222304d604f65812b

Hina (0x411E46C3EC2A3087)

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User:Hina

2024-05-09T20:45:33Z

PCMA:

=== Contact ===
Email: HinamizawaShokogun22@child.pizza

=== PGP Key ===
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2024-04-28T19:26:00Z

PCMA: PCMA reverted File:Newgonconspiracy.png to an old version

File:Newgonconspiracy.png

2024-04-28T19:25:48Z

PCMA: PCMA uploaded a new version of File:Newgonconspiracy.png

Text of Kuz - Soyjaks Party

2023-08-30T05:44:59Z

PCMA: 2005 : Kuznetsov 2023 : Kuznetsov 3023 : Kuznetsov 5000 : Kuznetsov 10000 : Kuznetsov Forever : Kuznetsov No matter what year it is Kuznetsov will always be a legend ❤️ ❤️ Repost this in 15 threads to show your support for kuzya

[[File:Iloveboys.png|thumb|left]]
>Yovich Kuznetsov (Russian: Юрий Михайлович Кузнецов) (born June 30, 1988 (age 35)), popularly known as kuz (IPA: /kuːz/),[2] or k♡♡z by his fans, is a Russian-Cypriot[a]media personality,[3] radio host, and former administrator of soyjak.party[4][5]. Kuz was the Chairman[6] of the now defunct Kolyma Network[7], a Cyprus-based organization that operated in Turkey and Russia, which dissolved in 2023 following kuz's HIV/AIDs diagnosis.[8] Kuz's company hosted many infamous websites and imageboards, and his penchant for buying websites drew lots of attention to his activities. His eccentric attitude, bizarre ideas, and large websites lead him to both success and controversy during his lifetime.

>Nicknamed "The Khan"[b], both affectionately and as a sarcastic insult[9], Kuz is regarded as one of the most significant figures in /qa/ and soyjak.party history, even before he purchased the site in 2022.[10] Kuz was more commonly known outside of the 'party for a string of popular websites and career as a radio host in Russia.[11] Wildly popular in his lifetime, Kuz also had many detractors who held him responsible for several major issues facing the site.[12] On July 16th, 2022, Kuz became the administrator of Soyjak.party after soot agreed to sell it to him, ruling it for almost a year before resigning on May 17th, 2023.[13]

>Starting in 2020, kuz became a figure of constant controversy and speculation (dubbed Kuz-mania) due to his attempts at changing his identity, speculation about his appearance, online behavior, speculated homosexuality, and lifestyle.[14] In August of 2022, anger and confusion began to arise about an alleged romantic relationship with an underage, male, moderator of the site and member of the KolymaNET youth league.[15] In December, 2022, he was accused of sexually abusing a 14 year old boy in Russia.[16] The lawsuit was settled with an out of court settlement in in June, 2023.[17] His addiction to prescription drugs, mood swings, and contradicting statements issued by his estate lead to a near constant state of drama on his sites.[18]

>As admin of the sharty, kuz propelled the site from a regional novelty, to a veritable phenomenon in the imageboard world, and the site experienced peak usage under his administration.[19] Throughout 2022, he frequently made radical changes to the site, often receiving mixed or negative reactions from critics and users alike.[20] Following a medical diagnosis wherein kuz discovered his long-untreated HIV infection had progressed to full blown AIDs, kuz temporarily stepped down, giving his position to Doll. An ill-fated return was planned by kuz's manager, Anton Maximov, but kuz backed out of this plan, and on July 18th, 2023, it was announced that Kuz was retiring from his career altogether, in a series of final public appearances, question sessions, and ceremonies titled "This Is It"[21][22]

File:Iloveboys.png

2023-08-30T05:39:57Z

PCMA:

boylover cobson

File:ChildrenAndSexPp174-288.pdf

2023-02-11T19:35:35Z

PCMA: Pages 174-288 of Children and Sex: New Findings, New Perspectives, ed. by Larry Constantine and Floyd Martinson (1981), including chapters, section introductions, and index.

== Summary ==
Pages 174-288 of Children and Sex: New Findings, New Perspectives, ed. by Larry Constantine and Floyd Martinson (1981), including chapters, section introductions, and index.

File:ChildrenAndSexPpix-173.pdf

2023-02-11T19:33:59Z

PCMA: Pages ix-173 of Children and Sex: New Findings, New Perspectives, ed. by Larry Constantine and Floyd Martinson (1981), including chapters and section introductions.

== Summary ==
Pages ix-173 of Children and Sex: New Findings, New Perspectives, ed. by Larry Constantine and Floyd Martinson (1981), including chapters and section introductions.

File:ChildrenAndSexprefacepartial.pdf

2023-02-11T19:30:44Z

PCMA: All but the first page (inadvertently omitted) of the preface to Children and Sex: New Findings, New Perspectives, ed. by Larry Constantine and Floyd Martinson (1981)

== Summary ==
All but the first page (inadvertently omitted) of the preface to Children and Sex: New Findings, New Perspectives, ed. by Larry Constantine and Floyd Martinson (1981)

Ageism

2022-12-12T21:32:03Z

PCMA:

__NOTOC__
{{Template: Adj}}[[File:FISGVfvXIAQZPum.png|thumb|Laws restricting youth]]Anti-youth policies both '''[[Debate Guide: Cyclical paternalism|infantilize]]''' and '''criminalize''' minors, making them easy prey for the criminal system. Youthful relationships involving small age differences are often persecuted - leading to a lifelong criminal record, or worse - if the country has a sex-offender's register. Some of these crimes relate to [[child pornography]], and our [[Research: Child Pornography|article]] on research into that subject quotes some examples of child producers.

Further, the effect of these laws is very often discriminatory and misogynistic - meaning that teenage girls who get pregnant do not have access to healthcare without criminalizing their boyfriends. This was a major reason for Peru reducing the age of consent to 14 in 2007.<ref>[https://www.ctvnews.ca/peru-votes-to-lower-age-of-consent-to-14-1.246145 Lowered AoC in Peru: Misogynistic statutes were a reason.]</ref>

==Ageism in the broader sense==

Ageism is easily identifiable in curfew laws and other anti-youth policies. The idea of [[adolescence]] as a discrete life phase is often provided as justification, along with the [[Research: Cognitive ability|pseudoscientific]] information scheme of "[[Debate Guide: Teen brain|teen brain]]" literature and attempts to raise the age of majority to 25 or beyond.<ref>[https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-cube/202107/why-25-could-be-the-new-18 Psychology Today: Raise the age to 25.]</ref>

===Wikipedia series===

Wikipedia seems to be somewhat confused as to what ageism against young people might entail, with multiple articles each discussing separate theoretical constructs, some of which appear to have been completely usurped by statist language, discourse and distraction narratives:
<div style="column-count:3;-moz-column-count:3;-webkit-column-count:3">
*[[Wikipedia:Ageism|Ageism]]
*[[Wikipedia:Adultism|Adultism]]
*[[Wikipedia:Adultcentrism|Adultcentrism]]
*[[Wikipedia:Childism|Childism]]
*[[Wikipedia:Ephebiphobia|Ephebiphobia]]
*[[Wikipedia:Fear_of_children|Fear of children]]
*[[Wikipedia:Paternalism|Paternalism]]
*[[Wikipedia:Intergenerational_equity|Intergenerational equity]]
*[[Wikipedia:Youth_activism|Youth activism]]
*[[Wikipedia:Youth_empowerment|Youth empowerment]]
*[[Wikipedia:Youth_voice|Youth voice]]
*[[Wikipedia:Youth_rights|Youth rights]]
</div>

==Organizations opposing ageism==

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americans_for_a_Society_Free_from_Age_Restrictions Americans for a Society Free from Age Restrictions] - Anti-Age of Consent.
<blockquote>''An organization dedicated to increasing the rights of youth under American law. [...] ASFAR opposes a wide variety of laws that limit the freedom of young people, such as voting age limits, curfew laws, compulsory education, child labor laws, age of consent laws, minimum drinking ages, pornography age laws, child prostitution laws and minimum ages for firearm possession. [...] The animosity that led to the schism with NYRA has largely subsided, and ASFAR enjoys amicable and cordial relations with NYRA. [...] Meanwhile, ASFAR's opposition to the age of consent continues to attract members to ASFAR, as NYRA objects to taking a position on the issue.''</blockquote>
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Youth_Rights_Association National Youth Rights Association] - No position on the Age of Consent.

:*[https://www.youthrights.org/blog/young-and-oppressed/ A concise article published by NYRA on ageism]
:*[https://www.youthrights.org/blog/ageism-in-social-justice/ Another concise article by NYRA, specifically about ageism among activists]

==Quotes on ageism==

''From [https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/10665684.2015.1057086 Youth Oppression as a Technology of Colonialism: Conceptual Frameworks and Possibilities for Social Justice Education Praxis] (DeJong and Love, 2015):''
<blockquote>''The ideology of adult supremacy is comprised of a set of beliefs, attitudes, policies, and practices that construct adults as developed, mature, intelligent, and experienced, based solely on their age and ensures that adults control the resources and make the decisions in society. This ideology means that adults can vote, take out loans, sign legal documents, run for office, drive, get a job, have sex, get married, and more without first securing someone’s permission or approval. Adult supremacy posits that adult thinking is superior to the thinking of young people and therefore adults are required to make and enforce decisions for young people, with and without their participation or agreement (J. Bell, 1995). [...]''

''It is as young people that all humans first encounter the experience of domination and subordination. It is through the experience of youth oppression, humans are socialized to accept the attitudes and behavior patterns required to effectively fill the roles of dominant and subordinate. ... to accept and occupy the roles of dominant and subordinate that is required for all other oppressions to exist. (Love, 2014, p. 3) The subordinate role is experienced by all young people. This experience teaches the behavior patterns that accompany privileged/dominant status or disadvantaged/subordinate status. When called on to enact sexism, racism, anti-Semitism, and other forms of oppression, this early socialization prepares young people to accept domination and subordination as normal, appropriate, and societally approved. [...]''

''It is clear from this discussion that adults cannot lead the work of ending oppression alone. As former young people, adults must notice where they still carry the internalized limits and feelings of powerlessness installed through youth oppression, alongside a sense of entitlement to the privileges of adulthood. Many adults experience a kind of “historical amnesia” that leads them to forget what it was like being a young person. They lack the information that would enable them to be in effective partnerships with young people that are more liberatory and less oppressive. Through engaging a critical examination of the discourses of childhood and adulthood, adults can become more effective at challenging youth oppression in partnership with young people.''</blockquote>

==Anti-ageist memes==

:''See also [[Memes and Graphics]]''.

<gallery>
File:Childmeme.png|Misuse of "child"
File:Wardrobe.png|Scarred for life by sex
File:Unboy.png|Universal Human Rights...
File:Psychs.png|"Child" psychology vs sex
File:Sroteen.png|Teens on the Register
File:Teenbrains.png|Teen Brain Myth
File:Tac.png|Age/Cognitive Chauvinism
</gallery>

==Examples of ageism and criminalization==
[[File:McAgeism.jpg|thumb|Pay for basic positions]]
[[File:McAgeism_2.jpg|thumb]]
[[File:Ageis.jpg|thumb|Ageist checklist, urging parents who witness commonly cited behaviors to institutionalize their daughters]]
:''See also: [http://www.ethicaltreatment.org/ Ethical Treatment For All Youth], and [[Wikipedia:Sex offender registry#Child perpetrators|Wikipedia: Sex offender registry]].''

According to the US DOJ, over 1/3 of "child" sex crimes are committed by juveniles.<ref name=AP>[https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/227763.pdf US DOJ: Juveniles Who Commit Sex Offenses Against Minors]</ref> On school property, 7 in every 8 sexual assaults were perpetrated by "children", although this might be unsurprising given the population demographics of a school.<ref>[https://www.ap.org/explore/schoolhouse-sex-assault/hidden-horror-of-school-sex-assaults-revealed-by-ap.html Hidden horror of school sex assaults revealed by AP]</ref> While numbers are hard to come by, it is likely that well over 100,000 minors are currently forced to register, having no say over a scheme of legal restrictions that can limit their opportunities for many decades.<ref>[https://narsol.org/2018/06/how-many-kids-are-on-the-sex-offender-registry/ How many kids are on the sex offender registry?]</ref> This is because of the [[Research: Who offends and how often?|naturally high level of sexual offending]] in this age-group. Due to the low detection rate among youths,<ref name=AP /> the number of juvenile registrants could easily rise if and when survelillance increases, or further measures are introduced, doubling down on [[SORNA]]'s push for states to put juveniles on the registry.

It should be pointed out that this is not an argument for special treatment of teen offenders. As per the above article, there is no solid evidence that teenagers are ''uniquely'' malleable, [[Research: Cognitive ability|still developing mentally]], or especially able to reform themselves. It does however, show how the overall system of sex offender laws naturally discriminates against [[Research: Youth sexuality|youth sexuality]].

===Covert and Institutional Ageism===

Adult institutions have been caught numerous times, conspiring against those they disempower. Ageist attitudes throughout the rest of society are very often implicit; those who perpetuate them are not aware that they are practising ageism.

*'''[https://lacrossetribune.com/news/national/kids-for-cash-judges-ordered-to-pay-more-than-200m/article_d48dbc03-4c94-53c5-bedb-c449493c51bd.html Kids-for-cash judges ordered to pay more than $200M] (2022)'''
::''"In what came to be known as the kids-for-cash scandal, Mark Ciavarella and another judge, Michael Conahan, shut down a county-run juvenile detention center and accepted $2.8 million in illegal payments from the builder and co-owner of two for-profit lockups. Ciavarella, who presided over juvenile court, pushed a zero-tolerance policy that guaranteed large numbers of kids would be sent to PA Child Care and its sister facility, Western PA Child Care. [...] Ciavarella ordered children as young as 8 to detention, many of them first-time offenders deemed delinquent for petty theft, jaywalking, truancy, smoking on school grounds and other minor infractions. The judge often ordered youths he had found delinquent to be immediately shackled, handcuffed and taken away without giving them a chance to put up a defense or even say goodbye to their families. “Ciavarella and Conahan abandoned their oath and breached the public trust,” Conner wrote Tuesday in his explanation of the judgment. “Their cruel and despicable actions victimized a vulnerable population of young people, many of whom were suffering from emotional issues and mental health concerns.” The Pennsylvania Supreme Court threw out some 4,000 juvenile convictions involving more than 2,300 kids after the scheme was uncovered. It’s unlikely the now-adult victims will see even a fraction of that eye-popping amount, but a lawyer for the plaintiffs said it’s a recognition of the enormity of the disgraced judges’ crimes."''

*'''[https://www.vice.com/en/article/dy73n7/ehallpass-1000-thousand-schools-monitor-bathroom A Tool That Monitors How Long Kids Are in the Bathroom Is Now in 1,000 American Schools] (2022)'''
::''"e-HallPass, a digital system that students have to use to request to leave their classroom and which takes note of how long they’ve been away, including to visit the bathroom, has spread into at least a thousand schools around the United States. The system has some resemblance to the sort of worker monitoring carried out by Amazon, which tracks how long its staff go to the toilet for, and is used to penalize workers for “time off task.” It also highlights how automated tools have led to increased surveillance of students in schools, and employees in places of work."''

*'''[https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2014-26578-001 Salerno, J. M., Murphy, M. C., & Bottoms, B. L. (2014). Give the kid a break—but only if he’s straight: Retributive motives drive biases against gay youth in ambiguous punishment contexts. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 20(4), 398–410.]'''
::Editor: This study demonstrates how anti-sex ageism is used as a crutch for suppressed homophobia.
::''"In the ambiguous context of 2 juveniles having consensual sex, people supported sex offender registration more for gay, versus heterosexual, offenders. This punishment discrimination did not emerge, however, in the societally less ambiguous context of an adult having sex with a juvenile. Study 2 revealed that punishment discrimination again emerged against gay male juveniles but not lesbian juveniles."''

*'''[https://web.archive.org/web/20060813161727/http://www.wsbtv.com/news/9613151/detail.html?rss=atl&psp=news Mother Sentenced For Cutting Son's Tongue] (2006)'''
::''"A mother accused of cutting off part of her son's tongue with hot scissors avoided a 5-year prison sentence and was sentenced to 10 years probation. But before going on probation, Samantha J. Davis, 33, will serve 60 to 180 days in a detention center. [...] Henry County prosecutors had recommended that Davis serve five years in prison. But the boy's father testified Tuesday that he did not want her to go to prison. "'''He told the judge she is a good woman, and he doesn't feel his son is unsafe around her'''," Davis' lawyer, Rickey L. Richardson, said. Davis '''heated a pair of scissors on a stove in August 2004 and held it to her 6-year-old son's neck before cutting off a piece of his tongue''' as punishment for talking back, authorities said. Her estranged husband, Toby Davis reported the injuries to police and she was arrested."''

===Ageist "sex" criminalization===

:''See also: [[Special Article: Adverse effects of hysteria#Criminalisation and medicalisation of youth|Adverse effects of hysteria]].''

*'''[https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2022/02/john-walsh-sex-offender-registry-change.html 9-Year-Olds Are Being Forced to Register as Sex Offenders. That Might Finally Change (2022).]'''
::''"In the United States, up to 70 percent of sexual offenses against children are perpetrated by other children, typically a slightly older relative or playmate who offends in the context of ignorance, impulsivity, and convenience, not predation. Many states subject these kids to the same criminal consequences as adults who have been convicted of sex crimes; the most impactful of which can be registration and public notification, which typically lasts for decades or life, depending upon the conviction or adjudication offense. The problem is registration and notification don’t work. All published research evaluating juvenile registration has found that these policies fail to improve community safety in any way. Studies informed by tens of thousands of cases examined whether putting kids on the registry reduces sexual recidivism—it does not; or violent recidivism—it does not; or nonviolent recidivism—it does not; or deters first-time sex crimes—it does not. What registration does is place substantial barriers in front of kids and make it less likely they will succeed. Which is why the American Law Institute is set to suggest a radical change to the nation’s sex crime laws."''

*'''[https://web.archive.org/web/20080701082856/http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/local/368007_youthoffenders23.html Juvenile sex offenders marked for life (2008)]'''
::''"They were neighbors, aged 13 and 10, who played together in a toy fort at the older boy's home. But one summer afternoon, the teen began talking about masturbation, then performed oral sex on the younger boy. He said they should do it again the next day. And they did [...] Since 1997, more than 3,500 children in the state -- some as young as 10, though on average about 14 -- have been charged and convicted as felony sex offenders, a mark that remains on their records forever, barring them from careers in medicine, teaching or a host of other professions that serve the vulnerable. It also frightens many into under-the-radar housing arrangements to avoid landlords who require background checks [...] Now a student at the University of Washington, Tyler has a girlfriend and tries to live as normally as possible. But the childhood record has scuttled his hopes of becoming a doctor and, by alienating him from peers who might ask too many questions, paralyzed much of his social development." ''
[[File:FZer HDWAAETr-v.png|thumb|Propaganda for "troubled teen" "boarding schools".<ref>[https://christianboardingschools.org/troubled-teen-test/ TROUBLED TEEN ASSESSMENT - Christian Therapeutic Boarding Schools]</ref>]]
*'''[https://web.archive.org/web/20090228033725/www.boingboing.net/2007/02/20/teen-couple-who-phot.html Teen couple who photo'd own sex acts prosecuted for child porn (2007)]'''
::''"Each [16 and 17] was charged with producing, directing or promoting a photograph featuring the sexual conduct of a child. Based on the contents of his e-mail account, Jeremy was charged with an extra count of possession of child pornography." [...] Cmt: "It's a strange anomaly. They're charged for making child pornography and tried as adults. However, the law calls the pictures they produced child pornography, so they should be trying them as minors. Anything less than this is hypocrisy.""''

*'''[https://web.archive.org/web/20060902011048/https://www.wfmynews2.com/news/watercooler/article.aspx?storyid=60478 Two Teen Girls Face Child Porn Charges ... For Their Own Pictures (2006)]'''
::''"Providence, RI -- Two teenage girls face child pornography charges after posting sexually explicit photographs of themselves on the Internet. The pornographic pictures of Elizabeth Muller, 19, of North Smithfield, and an unidentified 16-year-old Lincoln girl were discovered on MySpace.com, a social networking Web site, said a spokesman for the attorney general's office."''

*'''[https://web.archive.org/web/20090210091608/https://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/27088910/ Teen charged for sending nude phone photos (2008)], [https://web.archive.org/web/20110514203233/www.clevelandleader.com/node/7219 See also]'''
::''"NEWARK, Ohio - Police in Newark, Ohio, have arrested a 15-year-old girl on juvenile child pornography charges for allegedly sending nude cell phone photos of herself to classmates. The girl was arrested Friday and held over the weekend. Her defense filed denials in court Monday."''

*'''[https://web.archive.org/web/20120103193638/https://www.wpxi.com/news/18469160/detail.html High Schoolers Accused Of Sending Naked Pictures To Each Other (2009)]'''
::''"Three teenage girls who allegedly sent nude or semi-nude cell phone pictures of themselves, and three male classmates in a Greensburg Salem High School who received them, are charged with child pornography. Police said the girls are 14 or 15, and the boys charged with receiving the photos are 16 or 17. [...] "It was a self portrait taken of a juvenile female taking pictures of her body, nude," said Capt. George Seranko of the Greensburg Police Department. Police said school officials learned of the photos in October. That's when a student was seen using a cell phone during school hours, which violates school rules. The phone was seized, and the photos were found on it, police said. When police investigated, other phones with more pictures were seized. "Taking nude pictures of yourself, nothing good can come out of it," said Seranko."''

*'''Carpentier, M., Silovsky, J. and Chaffin, J. (2006). "[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16822105 Randomized trial of treatment for children with sexual behavior problems: Ten-year follow-up]," ''Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology'', 74 , pp. 482-488.'''
::''"For example, some state child welfare systems have promulgated special tracking systems for registering, segregating, and handling children identified as having SBP [sexual behaviour problems]. Children with SBP may be segregated within facilities and limited to specialized SBP units. Because preadolescent children as young as 9 years old or occasionally younger are adjudicated as delinquent for sex crimes, some states include these children on lifetime public sex offender registries and Internet sites, and federal legislation has been proposed and passed in the U.S. House of Representatives that would mandate including all adjudicated children with SBP on lifetime public Internet sex offender registries ([[Children's Safety Act]], 2005)".''

==See also==

*[[Research: Recidivism and other offending figures|SOR problems]] - The adding of children to public registries.
*[[Research: Cognitive ability]]
*[[Research: Youth sexuality]]
*[[Adolescence]]
*[[Debate Guide: Cyclical paternalism|Cyclical Paternalism/Infantilization]]
*[[Debate Guide: Newgon's History|Discussion of Youth Liberation, Youth Rights and MAPs]]
*[[Youth liberation movement]]

==External links==

*[https://open.spotify.com/episode/5Vs3g2F2VHxxAON2mBdqDU?si=j8UERU5WRrqbiWaKFsx0jg Podcast concerning the Troubled Teen Industry (from a survivor)]
*[http://www.nambla.org/crimyout.htm The Criminalization of Youth - NAMBLA]
*[https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/freedom-learn/200909/seven-sins-our-system-forced-education Seven Sins of Our System of Forced Education] - Peter Gray, PhD. on schools as a kind of prison.

==References==

[[Category:Official Encyclopedia]][[Category:Child Advocacy]][[Category:Child Pornography]][[Category:Youth]][[Category:Law/Crime]][[Category:Law/Crime: American]]

[[fr: Criminalisation de la jeunesse]]

File:McAgeism 2.jpg

2022-12-12T21:22:29Z

PCMA:

File:McAgeism.jpg

2022-12-12T21:22:19Z

PCMA:

File:Chikun.jpg

2022-12-03T22:18:29Z

PCMA: PCMA uploaded a new version of File:Chikun.jpg

Help:Joining PCMA chat

2022-09-18T22:57:24Z

PCMA:

'''Update: As of 2022/09/18, the instructions below can be used as normal.'''

When you click on the link to [https://chat.yesmap.net/#/room/#pcma:yesmap.net our Matrix space], you will see the following screen. Click on Create account button:
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_create_account.png</gallery>

Enter the username you want to use in the chat and password for your new account.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_username_2.1.png</gallery>

Continue without email, or set one if you want to.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_email_2.png</gallery>

Skip.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_skip.png</gallery>

You will see the prompt to join our Space. Click to Join.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Pcma_join_2.png</gallery>

You are done!

Help:Joining PCMA chat

2022-09-18T22:54:25Z

PCMA:

'''Update: As of 2022/08/09, the instructions below can be used as normal.'''

When you click on the link to [https://chat.yesmap.net/#/room/#pcma:yesmap.net our Matrix space], you will see the following screen. Click on Create account button:
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_create_account.png</gallery>

Enter the username you want to use in the chat and password for your new account.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_username_2.1.png</gallery>

Continue without email, or set one if you want to.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_email_2.png</gallery>

Skip.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_skip.png</gallery>

You will see the prompt to join our Space. Click to Join.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Pcma_join_2.png</gallery>

You are done!

File:Pcma join 2.png

2022-09-18T22:53:46Z

PCMA:

Help:Joining PCMA chat

2022-09-18T22:53:08Z

PCMA: update

File:Joining PCMA username 2.1.png

2022-09-18T22:52:19Z

PCMA:

File:Pcma join.png

2022-09-18T22:49:13Z

PCMA: PCMA uploaded a new version of File:Pcma join.png

== Summary ==
Joining PCMA chat third step

File:Joining PCMA skip.png

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PCMA:

File:Joining PCMA email 2.png

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PCMA: Joining PCMA chat second step

== Summary ==
Joining PCMA chat second step

Help:Joining PCMA chat

2022-09-18T22:44:54Z

PCMA: update link

'''Update: As of 2022/08/09, the instructions below can be used as normal.'''

When you click on the link to [https://chat.yesmap.net/#/room/#pcma:yesmap.net our Matrix space], you will see the following screen. Click on Create account button:
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_create_account.png</gallery>

Enter the username you want to use in the chat and password for your new account.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_username_2.png</gallery>

You will see the prompt to join our Space.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Pcma_join.png</gallery>

Once you are inside the Space, you need to ''join all the rooms'' in the Space.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Suggested_rooms_2.png</gallery>

File:Joining PCMA username 2.png

2022-09-18T22:44:23Z

PCMA: PCMA uploaded a new version of File:Joining PCMA username 2.png

== Summary ==
Joining PCMA chat second step

File:Joining PCMA create account.png

2022-09-18T22:42:00Z

PCMA: PCMA reverted File:Joining PCMA create account.png to an old version

== Summary ==
Joining PCMA chat first step

File:Joining PCMA create account.png

2022-09-18T22:41:28Z

PCMA: PCMA uploaded a new version of File:Joining PCMA create account.png

== Summary ==
Joining PCMA chat first step

Help:Joining PCMA chat

2022-08-09T11:07:16Z

PCMA:

'''Update: As of 2022/08/09, the instructions below can be used as normal.'''

When you click on the link to [https://element.cuteworld.space/#/room/#pcma:cuteworld.space our Matrix space], you will see the following screen. Click on Create account button:
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_create_account.png</gallery>

Enter the username you want to use in the chat and password for your new account.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_username_2.png</gallery>

You will see the prompt to join our Space.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Pcma_join.png</gallery>

Once you are inside the Space, you need to ''join all the rooms'' in the Space.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Suggested_rooms_2.png</gallery>

Help:Joining PCMA chat

2022-08-04T09:42:58Z

PCMA:

'''Notice: Registrations at the time of this update (2022/08/04) are disabled. This means the link below will not work. A solution to the issue is being worked on, please check this page at a later time if interested in joining.'''
In the meantime, it is still possible to join the chat using <code>/join #pcma:yesmap.net</code> if you have an existing Matrix account.

When you click on the link to [https://element.cuteworld.space/#/room/#pcma:cuteworld.space our Matrix space], you will see the following screen. Click on Create account button:
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_create_account.png</gallery>

Enter the username you want to use in the chat and password for your new account.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_username_2.png</gallery>

You will see the prompt to join our Space.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Pcma_join.png</gallery>

Once you are inside the Space, you need to ''join all the rooms'' in the Space.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Suggested_rooms_2.png</gallery>

Main Page

2022-08-04T09:26:36Z

PCMA: update

__NOTITLE__ __NOTOC__
{|class="boilerplate" id="pd" style="width:80%; -moz-border-radius: 1em; margin: 0 auto; border:2px solid #2568aa; padding:5px; background-color:#d7f4ff;" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="4"
|<center>
[[Image:Broadbanner.png|link=]]

Founded in 2007, as the information center for the [[Minor Attracted Person|MAP]] Movement ([[Minor Attracted Person (archive research)|coining the term]] and originating a [[MAP Flag|flag concept]]); we seek to document '''facts, opinions, arguments, research and testimonies''' relating to '''[[Minor Attracted Person|MAPs]]''' and '''physical relationships between minors and adults''' ([[Ethos of Newgon|see ethos]]). We aim to be concise, summarizing and organizing only useful information, so it can be deployed by activists. Please consider [[NewgonWiki:getting involved|'''donating, or getting involved''' in editing]] or hit us up at [[Help:Joining PCMA chat|The PCMA chat (Matrix/Element)]]. If you wish to discuss issues similar to those covered on this wiki, our forum (forthcoming) is open to everyone.

'''Quicklinks for Editors: '''[[NewgonWiki talk:Noticeboard|Noticeboard]] (discussion) | [[Help:Editing|Editing Portal]] | [[Help:Categories|Catlist]].
NewgonWiki has '''[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]]''' articles.</center>
|}

{| style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0px; background:none;"
| style="width:50%; border:2px solid #2568aa; background:white; vertical-align:top; color:white;"|
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:white; width:100%;"

! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#3399FF; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; text-align:left; color:white; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Browse our Encyclopedia...</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"| <div>{{NewgonWiki:Browse our Encyclopedia}}</div>
|-
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|-
|style="color:#000;"| <div>{{NewgonWiki:Projects}}</div>
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{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:white; width:100%;"
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#3399FF; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:white; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Sexual experiences of youth and others...</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"| <div>{{NewgonWiki:Sexual Experiences of Youth and Others}}</div>
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|style="color:#000;"| <div>{{NewgonWiki:Featured/Special content}}</div>
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[[fr:Page Principale]]
[[Category:Browse]]

Help:Joining PCMA chat

2022-08-04T09:19:18Z

PCMA: update

'''Notice: Registrations at the time of this update (2022/08/04) are disabled. This means the link below will not work. A solution to the issue is being worked on, please check this page at a later time if interested in joining.'''

When you click on the link to [https://element.cuteworld.space/#/room/#pcma:cuteworld.space our Matrix space], you will see the following screen. Click on Create account button:
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_create_account.png</gallery>

Enter the username you want to use in the chat and password for your new account.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Joining_PCMA_username_2.png</gallery>

You will see the prompt to join our Space.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Pcma_join.png</gallery>

Once you are inside the Space, you need to ''join all the rooms'' in the Space.
<Gallery heights=350px widths=350px>File:Suggested_rooms_2.png</gallery>

Guide To Computer Security (2022)

2022-07-12T23:59:30Z

PCMA: /* Apps */

<div style="margin-left: 25px; float: right;">__TOC__</div>The original '''Guide to Computer Security''' was produced by the [[Newgon Support Team]] after consultation with the [[Newgon]] forum community in 2008. It explained how you could protect data stored on your hard drive and stay anonymous on the internet. The guide may be of interest to people who wish to protect their anonymity and data from adversaries. This page represents an updated version currently under development.

==Operating Systems==

===Windows 10===

As of December 2021, Windows 10 is the world's most popular operating system. Although extremely convenient, it is widely considered to be a very poor choice for data security and privacy.

Multiple guides exist online describing how to reduce the risk posed by using Windows 10. However, it is inherently insecure and best avoided for anyone who is concerned about the leakage of sensitive information.

Installing a free/open source operating system such as [[Guide_To_Computer_Security_(2022)#Linux|Linux]] is strongly recommended instead.

===Windows 7===

Windows 7 is no longer supported by Microsoft; as such, known security issues are unlikely to be patched barring exceptional circumstances. Usage of the Internet Explorer browser is not recommended.

There are a number of settings that should be changed in order to improve user privacy.

=====Indexing Service=====

The indexing service provides a book-like index of all files stored on any drive for which it is enabled. It enables faster searches of drives and folders. However, names of all indexed files and some of their contents will be stored in plain-text on the drive on which Windows is installed, even if those files are encrypted.

To turn off the indexing service:

Control Panel -> Programs -> Turn Windows features on or off. Deselect 'Indexing Service'.

=====Recent Items=====

By default, Windows 7 stores a list of recently opened items. To disable this, right click on Start, select 'Properties', select the 'Start Menu' tab, then uncheck 'Store and display recently opened programs in the Start menu' and 'Store and display recently opened items in the Start menu and the taskbar'.

=====System Restore=====

Windows 7 is normally configured to automatically backup system files and personal documents. This can be disabled via Control Panel -> System -> System Protection. Make sure it is turned off for all disks.

=====Swap File=====

Windows 7 uses a swap file in which it temporarily stores data from RAM on the disk in order to conserve RAM usage. This is unnecessary for most modern computers, and it is a security issue because almost any data could theoretically be written to the disk, including encryption keys.

To disable, System -> Advanced System Settings -> under performance, click 'Settings' -> Advanced tab -> under Virtual Memory, click 'Change' -> set 'No paging file' for all drives.

=====Hibernation=====

The hibernation feature of Windows 7 stores data from your current session to your hard drive and puts your computer in a very low power state. This has similar security implications to the swap file.

To disable hibernation: Start -> Type 'run' -> Type 'cmd' -> type 'powercfg -h off'.

=====Thumbnail cache=====

Windows 7 stores thumbnails in a central cache on the drive on which Windows is installed. Thumbnails of encrypted images will also be stored in this central cache when the folder in which the images are located is accessed.

Built-in methods and [https://www.sevenforums.com/tutorials/10794-thumbnail-cache-enable-disable.html software]for disabling the cache exist, but there are reports of these solutions not working perfectly. People living in particularly oppressive regimes should consider wiping their thumbnail cache regularly.

=====Telemetry=====

Windows 7 sends data about your computer usage to Microsoft. The relevant 'features', designed for Windows 10, were introduced to Windows 7 via Windows Updates.

The following updates should be uninstalled if present:

*KB3068708
*KB3022345
*KB3075249
*KB3080149

===Linux===
Linux-based operating systems are strongly recommended over proprietary operating systems like Windows due to the latter's inherent privacy and security issues. 
Installing a Linux distribution is easy. All that is needed is an .iso file downloaded from the distribution's official website, flashing it to a USB drive with a tool such as [https://rufus.ie/en/ Rufus] or burning to a CD/DVD. 
Booting a computer from this USB or DVD drive will begin the installation.
*'''Ubuntu'''
:[https://ubuntu.com/desktop Ubuntu] is the most popular and one of the most user-friendly Linux distributions. If you're looking for a place to start while switching away from Windows, Ubuntu is a decent choice.
*'''Fedora'''
:[https://getfedora.org/ Fedora] is another very popular Linux distribution, and in user friendliness equals Ubuntu. It also uses the most up to date releases of software and drivers, making it a good choice for newer hardware.

====Tips====
Virtually every popular Linux distribution will offer you to enable full disk encryption (LUKS) during the installation process. It is strongly recommended to enable this option (see [[Guide_To_Computer_Security_(2022)#Linux_installation|screenshots]]).

====Installation examples====
<Gallery heights=200px widths=200px>
File:ubuntu1.png|Ubuntu
File:fedora1.png|Fedora
File:Pop_os1.png|POP OS
</gallery>
===Live CDs===
Live operating systems require no installation except a USB or DVD drive they are flashed/burned onto and then booted from.
*'''Tails OS'''
:[https://tails.boum.org/ Tails] is a live operating system configured to be fully amnesic (leave no trace on the computer it is booted from) and use the Tor anonymity network.
*Many Linux distributions can be run in live mode as an alternative to installation.

==Data Protection==

===Encryption===

Encrypting files renders the data within them unintelligible. While Microsoft, hard drive manufacturers and other companies offer free encryption tools, these cannot be trusted in the event of a highly motivated adversary.

====Recommended Programs====

The following programs can probably be trusted to protect against the vast majority of adversaries, assuming that their settings are configured correctly and the operating system has been appropriately secured.

=====VeraCrypt=====

VeraCrypt is a fork of TrueCrypt, a program whose development is alleged by many to have been shut down by the US government. VeraCrypt is widely considered to provide the highest level of security of any free program. Donations to the project would always be welcome.

=====LUKS=====
LUKS is [[Guide_To_Computer_Security_(2022)#Linux|Linux]] inbuilt encryption utility. An option to encrypt the entire disk is offered while installing Linux. Afterwards it can be easily used to encrypt external devices through a graphical interface offered by the distribution's desktop environment.

=====BestCrypt=====

BestCrypt is a paid encryption product with similar functionality to VeraCrypt. It can be purchased along with highly effective data erasure software. Although expensive, it is a long established and very well trusted product.

====Encryption Options====

There are two main methods of encryption that are still relevant in 2022.

=====Whole Disk Encryption=====

Encrypting the entire disk renders all contents unreadable unless a password is provided. If you do not require plausible deniability and you do not care about giving the appearance of compliance, you can simply encrypt the entire disk and refuse to provide the password.

=====Volume Encryption=====

Volume encryption creates a file on your disk that functions as a virtual drive. These virtual drives have the same functionality as a physical drive. Using volume encryption allows you to encrypt only a portion of your disk, instead of encrypting the whole drive.

A major benefit of volume encryption for activists is the ability to create hidden volumes. Hidden volumes are created within the free space of a standard volume. Due to the way they're created, they are extremely difficult to detect. This provides excellent plausible deniability; you can hand over a key to the main volume and still nobody can prove that there is a second hidden volume containing the data that you really wish to keep private.

VeraCrypt has a feature allowing users to run an operating system from within a hidden container, reducing the risk of data leakage from improper operating system configuration.

===Secure Erasure===
In most cases, files deleted through conventional methods are '''still recoverable''', even after trash is emptied. Several tools exist to securely erase either specific files, entire partitions, or wipe free space on a disk to get rid of any remnants of files that were not erased securely.
====Windows====
[https://eraser.heidi.ie/ Eraser] can be used to erase select files, external drives, or wipe free space on the currently used drive.

====Other (entire disk)====
[https://dban.org/ DBAN] (Darik's Boot and Nuke), is used for wiping entire drives. It must be booted from an external drive. '''Warning: All data''' will be erased, including the operating system. If there are files you want to keep, you must back them up on another drive and unplug it from the computer before using DBAN.
An operating system must be reinstalled on the computer afterwards.

===Firewalls and Anti-Virus Protection===

===SSD Issues===

==Network Security==

===Proxies===

Proxies are used to hide your true IP address from another server or client. Many proxies are insecure and not suitable for use by MAP activists. Use of a malicious or unfriendly proxy server can be more dangerous than a direct connection.

====Web-based proxy servers====

Web-based proxies are of very limited utility for the MAP activist community. They provide a minimal level of obfuscation suitable only for circumventing bans and geographic restrictions, and many will already be blocked from popular websites. The service operator has the ability to monitor users and may well comply with authorities wrongly targeting MAPs.

====VPNs====

Similar to web-based proxies, VPNs place users at risk of monitoring by the service provider and anyone to whom they choose to provide access. They have the same practical purpose as web-based proxies for the MAP community.

====Tor====

Unlike web-based proxies and VPNs, Tor forwards data via an entry node and two more random nodes operated by volunteers. Data sent by the client is encrypted up to the exit node. Upon leaving the exit node, data is visible if not encrypted by other means (such as HTTPS), although the source of the data is unknown.

There are weaknesses within the Tor design, but it is the safest option for anonymous communication online. People who do not make themselves a major global target are unlikely to be identified due to any of the inherent weaknesses. User error is the biggest risk.

=====Using Tor safely=====

In 2022, Tor is most often used with Tor Browser, which is automatically configured to connect via the Tor network.

Tor Browser has three pre-configured security levels.

* 'Safest' disables any functionality that could be used to identify you. However, a lot of website features will no longer work. Social media, webmail and many other services will be unusable.

* 'Safer' disables some features that could be used to identify you, but not all. JavaScript is enabled on HTTPS sites. Social media, webmail and many other services will will usable, but there is a small risk of being identified via malicious scripts.

* 'Standard' does not disable any potentially dangerous functionality. There is a higher risk of being identified or attacked.

The final connection in the Tor circuit (between the exit node and the destination) is not encrypted by the Tor client. Therefore, any data sent will be visible by the operator of the exit node. Any sensitive information should be encrypted by other means. A simple HTTPS connection is one solution. The '''HTTPS Everywhere''' extension forces a HTTPS connection for all compatible services.

===E-mail===
====Providers====
* [https://tutanota.com/ Tutanota] is a privacy-respecting e-mail provider that offers both a free and paid model. There is a two-day waiting period on newly registered accounts before they can be used.

===Chat===
General recommendations for chat and instant messaging software is avoiding proprietary solutions and anything lacking end-to-end encryption. A work-in-progress list of open source messaging software with end-to-end encryption capability is offered below:
* [https://getsession.org/ Session] is one example of an easy to use open source messenger that also minimizes metadata.

==Operational Security==

===Search engines / Googling===
It is recommended to use a privacy-respecting search engine instead of Google.
*[https://www.startpage.com/ Startpage] offers results from Google without Google's tracking mechanisms. This also means the results are not personalized.
*[https://duckduckgo.com/ DuckDuckGo] is a popular search engine that claims to respect privacy of its users.

===Fingerprinting===

===Social Engineering===

==Phone Security==
Securing mobile phones offers additional factors to take into account over PC security, such as the phone's GPS location capability, connection to cellular networks, unique phone number, and video and audio recording capabilities which can all be used to identify and track its user if the phone is compromised, including through untrusted software running on the phone.

These reasons are why utmost care should be taken to secure the phone and make sure it only runs trusted and secure software if it is to be used for any sensitive activities at all.

===Custom ROMs===
Most phones come with the Android operating system. Because manufacturers tend to pre-install many apps and make other modifications which can threaten the user's privacy and security, using the stock Android ROM that came with the phone is very non-ideal.

Before doing anything else, it is ''strongly recommended'' to replace the stock Android ROM with a custom Android ROM such as [https://www.lineageos.org/ LineageOS]. This is essentially reinstalling the phone's operating system. Therefore, as with most reinstallations, any data desired to be kept by the user must be backed up elsewhere, because all data on the phone will be lost.

Guides for installation of custom ROMs are available on the specific project's website, as well as a list of phones which are compatible with the ROM. If you are buying a new phone, make sure your phone is on this list prior to purchasing it. LineageOS has the broadest compatibility. Alternative ROMs exist as well but not all are compatible with every phone.

====List of custom ROMs====
* [https://www.lineageos.org/ LineageOS]

===Apps===
For a trusted application base, your apps should come from a trusted source, such as the [https://f-droid.org/ F-Droid] store. Do not install or use the proprietary Google Play store, as ubiquitous on most Android devices as it is. Prefer open source apps from F-Droid instead. If you really need an app only available on Google Play, consider alternative stores like [https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.aurora.store/ Aurora Store].

==Cryptocurrency==

==Perspective==

==Useful Links==

==Screenshots==
===Linux installation===
During the installation step that asks you about the disk to use for your operating system, tick the checkbox to '''Encrypt your data''' (under '''Advanced Features''' in the Ubuntu example). 
 
'''Ubuntu''' 

<Gallery heights=200px widths=200px>
File:ubuntu4.png
File:ubuntu5.png
File:ubuntu6.png
File:ubuntu8.png
File:ubuntu9.png
File:ubuntu10.png
</gallery>

'''Fedora''' 

<Gallery heights=200px widths=200px>
File:Fedora3.png
File:Fedora4.png
File:Fedora5.png
File:Fedora7.png
</gallery>

Guide To Computer Security (2022)

2022-07-12T23:51:30Z

PCMA: create phone security section

<div style="margin-left: 25px; float: right;">__TOC__</div>The original '''Guide to Computer Security''' was produced by the [[Newgon Support Team]] after consultation with the [[Newgon]] forum community in 2008. It explained how you could protect data stored on your hard drive and stay anonymous on the internet. The guide may be of interest to people who wish to protect their anonymity and data from adversaries. This page represents an updated version currently under development.

==Operating Systems==

===Windows 10===

As of December 2021, Windows 10 is the world's most popular operating system. Although extremely convenient, it is widely considered to be a very poor choice for data security and privacy.

Multiple guides exist online describing how to reduce the risk posed by using Windows 10. However, it is inherently insecure and best avoided for anyone who is concerned about the leakage of sensitive information.

Installing a free/open source operating system such as [[Guide_To_Computer_Security_(2022)#Linux|Linux]] is strongly recommended instead.

===Windows 7===

Windows 7 is no longer supported by Microsoft; as such, known security issues are unlikely to be patched barring exceptional circumstances. Usage of the Internet Explorer browser is not recommended.

There are a number of settings that should be changed in order to improve user privacy.

=====Indexing Service=====

The indexing service provides a book-like index of all files stored on any drive for which it is enabled. It enables faster searches of drives and folders. However, names of all indexed files and some of their contents will be stored in plain-text on the drive on which Windows is installed, even if those files are encrypted.

To turn off the indexing service:

Control Panel -> Programs -> Turn Windows features on or off. Deselect 'Indexing Service'.

=====Recent Items=====

By default, Windows 7 stores a list of recently opened items. To disable this, right click on Start, select 'Properties', select the 'Start Menu' tab, then uncheck 'Store and display recently opened programs in the Start menu' and 'Store and display recently opened items in the Start menu and the taskbar'.

=====System Restore=====

Windows 7 is normally configured to automatically backup system files and personal documents. This can be disabled via Control Panel -> System -> System Protection. Make sure it is turned off for all disks.

=====Swap File=====

Windows 7 uses a swap file in which it temporarily stores data from RAM on the disk in order to conserve RAM usage. This is unnecessary for most modern computers, and it is a security issue because almost any data could theoretically be written to the disk, including encryption keys.

To disable, System -> Advanced System Settings -> under performance, click 'Settings' -> Advanced tab -> under Virtual Memory, click 'Change' -> set 'No paging file' for all drives.

=====Hibernation=====

The hibernation feature of Windows 7 stores data from your current session to your hard drive and puts your computer in a very low power state. This has similar security implications to the swap file.

To disable hibernation: Start -> Type 'run' -> Type 'cmd' -> type 'powercfg -h off'.

=====Thumbnail cache=====

Windows 7 stores thumbnails in a central cache on the drive on which Windows is installed. Thumbnails of encrypted images will also be stored in this central cache when the folder in which the images are located is accessed.

Built-in methods and [https://www.sevenforums.com/tutorials/10794-thumbnail-cache-enable-disable.html software]for disabling the cache exist, but there are reports of these solutions not working perfectly. People living in particularly oppressive regimes should consider wiping their thumbnail cache regularly.

=====Telemetry=====

Windows 7 sends data about your computer usage to Microsoft. The relevant 'features', designed for Windows 10, were introduced to Windows 7 via Windows Updates.

The following updates should be uninstalled if present:

*KB3068708
*KB3022345
*KB3075249
*KB3080149

===Linux===
Linux-based operating systems are strongly recommended over proprietary operating systems like Windows due to the latter's inherent privacy and security issues. 
Installing a Linux distribution is easy. All that is needed is an .iso file downloaded from the distribution's official website, flashing it to a USB drive with a tool such as [https://rufus.ie/en/ Rufus] or burning to a CD/DVD. 
Booting a computer from this USB or DVD drive will begin the installation.
*'''Ubuntu'''
:[https://ubuntu.com/desktop Ubuntu] is the most popular and one of the most user-friendly Linux distributions. If you're looking for a place to start while switching away from Windows, Ubuntu is a decent choice.
*'''Fedora'''
:[https://getfedora.org/ Fedora] is another very popular Linux distribution, and in user friendliness equals Ubuntu. It also uses the most up to date releases of software and drivers, making it a good choice for newer hardware.

====Tips====
Virtually every popular Linux distribution will offer you to enable full disk encryption (LUKS) during the installation process. It is strongly recommended to enable this option (see [[Guide_To_Computer_Security_(2022)#Linux_installation|screenshots]]).

====Installation examples====
<Gallery heights=200px widths=200px>
File:ubuntu1.png|Ubuntu
File:fedora1.png|Fedora
File:Pop_os1.png|POP OS
</gallery>
===Live CDs===
Live operating systems require no installation except a USB or DVD drive they are flashed/burned onto and then booted from.
*'''Tails OS'''
:[https://tails.boum.org/ Tails] is a live operating system configured to be fully amnesic (leave no trace on the computer it is booted from) and use the Tor anonymity network.
*Many Linux distributions can be run in live mode as an alternative to installation.

==Data Protection==

===Encryption===

Encrypting files renders the data within them unintelligible. While Microsoft, hard drive manufacturers and other companies offer free encryption tools, these cannot be trusted in the event of a highly motivated adversary.

====Recommended Programs====

The following programs can probably be trusted to protect against the vast majority of adversaries, assuming that their settings are configured correctly and the operating system has been appropriately secured.

=====VeraCrypt=====

VeraCrypt is a fork of TrueCrypt, a program whose development is alleged by many to have been shut down by the US government. VeraCrypt is widely considered to provide the highest level of security of any free program. Donations to the project would always be welcome.

=====LUKS=====
LUKS is [[Guide_To_Computer_Security_(2022)#Linux|Linux]] inbuilt encryption utility. An option to encrypt the entire disk is offered while installing Linux. Afterwards it can be easily used to encrypt external devices through a graphical interface offered by the distribution's desktop environment.

=====BestCrypt=====

BestCrypt is a paid encryption product with similar functionality to VeraCrypt. It can be purchased along with highly effective data erasure software. Although expensive, it is a long established and very well trusted product.

====Encryption Options====

There are two main methods of encryption that are still relevant in 2022.

=====Whole Disk Encryption=====

Encrypting the entire disk renders all contents unreadable unless a password is provided. If you do not require plausible deniability and you do not care about giving the appearance of compliance, you can simply encrypt the entire disk and refuse to provide the password.

=====Volume Encryption=====

Volume encryption creates a file on your disk that functions as a virtual drive. These virtual drives have the same functionality as a physical drive. Using volume encryption allows you to encrypt only a portion of your disk, instead of encrypting the whole drive.

A major benefit of volume encryption for activists is the ability to create hidden volumes. Hidden volumes are created within the free space of a standard volume. Due to the way they're created, they are extremely difficult to detect. This provides excellent plausible deniability; you can hand over a key to the main volume and still nobody can prove that there is a second hidden volume containing the data that you really wish to keep private.

VeraCrypt has a feature allowing users to run an operating system from within a hidden container, reducing the risk of data leakage from improper operating system configuration.

===Secure Erasure===
In most cases, files deleted through conventional methods are '''still recoverable''', even after trash is emptied. Several tools exist to securely erase either specific files, entire partitions, or wipe free space on a disk to get rid of any remnants of files that were not erased securely.
====Windows====
[https://eraser.heidi.ie/ Eraser] can be used to erase select files, external drives, or wipe free space on the currently used drive.

====Other (entire disk)====
[https://dban.org/ DBAN] (Darik's Boot and Nuke), is used for wiping entire drives. It must be booted from an external drive. '''Warning: All data''' will be erased, including the operating system. If there are files you want to keep, you must back them up on another drive and unplug it from the computer before using DBAN.
An operating system must be reinstalled on the computer afterwards.

===Firewalls and Anti-Virus Protection===

===SSD Issues===

==Network Security==

===Proxies===

Proxies are used to hide your true IP address from another server or client. Many proxies are insecure and not suitable for use by MAP activists. Use of a malicious or unfriendly proxy server can be more dangerous than a direct connection.

====Web-based proxy servers====

Web-based proxies are of very limited utility for the MAP activist community. They provide a minimal level of obfuscation suitable only for circumventing bans and geographic restrictions, and many will already be blocked from popular websites. The service operator has the ability to monitor users and may well comply with authorities wrongly targeting MAPs.

====VPNs====

Similar to web-based proxies, VPNs place users at risk of monitoring by the service provider and anyone to whom they choose to provide access. They have the same practical purpose as web-based proxies for the MAP community.

====Tor====

Unlike web-based proxies and VPNs, Tor forwards data via an entry node and two more random nodes operated by volunteers. Data sent by the client is encrypted up to the exit node. Upon leaving the exit node, data is visible if not encrypted by other means (such as HTTPS), although the source of the data is unknown.

There are weaknesses within the Tor design, but it is the safest option for anonymous communication online. People who do not make themselves a major global target are unlikely to be identified due to any of the inherent weaknesses. User error is the biggest risk.

=====Using Tor safely=====

In 2022, Tor is most often used with Tor Browser, which is automatically configured to connect via the Tor network.

Tor Browser has three pre-configured security levels.

* 'Safest' disables any functionality that could be used to identify you. However, a lot of website features will no longer work. Social media, webmail and many other services will be unusable.

* 'Safer' disables some features that could be used to identify you, but not all. JavaScript is enabled on HTTPS sites. Social media, webmail and many other services will will usable, but there is a small risk of being identified via malicious scripts.

* 'Standard' does not disable any potentially dangerous functionality. There is a higher risk of being identified or attacked.

The final connection in the Tor circuit (between the exit node and the destination) is not encrypted by the Tor client. Therefore, any data sent will be visible by the operator of the exit node. Any sensitive information should be encrypted by other means. A simple HTTPS connection is one solution. The '''HTTPS Everywhere''' extension forces a HTTPS connection for all compatible services.

===E-mail===
====Providers====
* [https://tutanota.com/ Tutanota] is a privacy-respecting e-mail provider that offers both a free and paid model. There is a two-day waiting period on newly registered accounts before they can be used.

===Chat===
General recommendations for chat and instant messaging software is avoiding proprietary solutions and anything lacking end-to-end encryption. A work-in-progress list of open source messaging software with end-to-end encryption capability is offered below:
* [https://getsession.org/ Session] is one example of an easy to use open source messenger that also minimizes metadata.

==Operational Security==

===Search engines / Googling===
It is recommended to use a privacy-respecting search engine instead of Google.
*[https://www.startpage.com/ Startpage] offers results from Google without Google's tracking mechanisms. This also means the results are not personalized.
*[https://duckduckgo.com/ DuckDuckGo] is a popular search engine that claims to respect privacy of its users.

===Fingerprinting===

===Social Engineering===

==Phone Security==
Securing mobile phones offers additional factors to take into account over PC security, such as the phone's GPS location capability, connection to cellular networks, unique phone number, and video and audio recording capabilities which can all be used to identify and track its user if the phone is compromised, including through untrusted software running on the phone.

These reasons are why utmost care should be taken to secure the phone and make sure it only runs trusted and secure software if it is to be used for any sensitive activities at all.

===Custom ROMs===
Most phones come with the Android operating system. Because manufacturers tend to pre-install many apps and make other modifications which can threaten the user's privacy and security, using the stock Android ROM that came with the phone is very non-ideal.

Before doing anything else, it is ''strongly recommended'' to replace the stock Android ROM with a custom Android ROM such as [https://www.lineageos.org/ LineageOS]. This is essentially reinstalling the phone's operating system. Therefore, as with most reinstallations, any data desired to be kept by the user must be backed up elsewhere, because all data on the phone will be lost.

Guides for installation of custom ROMs are available on the specific project's website, as well as a list of phones which are compatible with the ROM. If you are buying a new phone, make sure your phone is on this list prior to purchasing it. LineageOS has the broadest compatibility. Alternative ROMs exist as well but not all are compatible with every phone.

====List of custom ROMs====
* [https://www.lineageos.org/ LineageOS]

===Apps===
For a trusted application base, your apps should come from a trusted source, such as the [https://f-droid.org/ F-Droid] store. Do not install or use the proprietary Google Play store, as ubiquitous on most Android as it is. Prefer open source apps from F-Droid instead. If you really need an app only available on Google Play, consider alternative stores like [https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.aurora.store/ Aurora Store].

==Cryptocurrency==

==Perspective==

==Useful Links==

==Screenshots==
===Linux installation===
During the installation step that asks you about the disk to use for your operating system, tick the checkbox to '''Encrypt your data''' (under '''Advanced Features''' in the Ubuntu example). 
 
'''Ubuntu''' 

<Gallery heights=200px widths=200px>
File:ubuntu4.png
File:ubuntu5.png
File:ubuntu6.png
File:ubuntu8.png
File:ubuntu9.png
File:ubuntu10.png
</gallery>

'''Fedora''' 

<Gallery heights=200px widths=200px>
File:Fedora3.png
File:Fedora4.png
File:Fedora5.png
File:Fedora7.png
</gallery>

Guide To Computer Security (2022)

2022-07-12T22:46:45Z

PCMA: /* Chat */

<div style="margin-left: 25px; float: right;">__TOC__</div>The original '''Guide to Computer Security''' was produced by the [[Newgon Support Team]] after consultation with the [[Newgon]] forum community in 2008. It explained how you could protect data stored on your hard drive and stay anonymous on the internet. The guide may be of interest to people who wish to protect their anonymity and data from adversaries. This page represents an updated version currently under development.

==Operating Systems==

===Windows 10===

As of December 2021, Windows 10 is the world's most popular operating system. Although extremely convenient, it is widely considered to be a very poor choice for data security and privacy.

Multiple guides exist online describing how to reduce the risk posed by using Windows 10. However, it is inherently insecure and best avoided for anyone who is concerned about the leakage of sensitive information.

Installing a free/open source operating system such as [[Guide_To_Computer_Security_(2022)#Linux|Linux]] is strongly recommended instead.

===Windows 7===

Windows 7 is no longer supported by Microsoft; as such, known security issues are unlikely to be patched barring exceptional circumstances. Usage of the Internet Explorer browser is not recommended.

There are a number of settings that should be changed in order to improve user privacy.

=====Indexing Service=====

The indexing service provides a book-like index of all files stored on any drive for which it is enabled. It enables faster searches of drives and folders. However, names of all indexed files and some of their contents will be stored in plain-text on the drive on which Windows is installed, even if those files are encrypted.

To turn off the indexing service:

Control Panel -> Programs -> Turn Windows features on or off. Deselect 'Indexing Service'.

=====Recent Items=====

By default, Windows 7 stores a list of recently opened items. To disable this, right click on Start, select 'Properties', select the 'Start Menu' tab, then uncheck 'Store and display recently opened programs in the Start menu' and 'Store and display recently opened items in the Start menu and the taskbar'.

=====System Restore=====

Windows 7 is normally configured to automatically backup system files and personal documents. This can be disabled via Control Panel -> System -> System Protection. Make sure it is turned off for all disks.

=====Swap File=====

Windows 7 uses a swap file in which it temporarily stores data from RAM on the disk in order to conserve RAM usage. This is unnecessary for most modern computers, and it is a security issue because almost any data could theoretically be written to the disk, including encryption keys.

To disable, System -> Advanced System Settings -> under performance, click 'Settings' -> Advanced tab -> under Virtual Memory, click 'Change' -> set 'No paging file' for all drives.

=====Hibernation=====

The hibernation feature of Windows 7 stores data from your current session to your hard drive and puts your computer in a very low power state. This has similar security implications to the swap file.

To disable hibernation: Start -> Type 'run' -> Type 'cmd' -> type 'powercfg -h off'.

=====Thumbnail cache=====

Windows 7 stores thumbnails in a central cache on the drive on which Windows is installed. Thumbnails of encrypted images will also be stored in this central cache when the folder in which the images are located is accessed.

Built-in methods and [https://www.sevenforums.com/tutorials/10794-thumbnail-cache-enable-disable.html software]for disabling the cache exist, but there are reports of these solutions not working perfectly. People living in particularly oppressive regimes should consider wiping their thumbnail cache regularly.

=====Telemetry=====

Windows 7 sends data about your computer usage to Microsoft. The relevant 'features', designed for Windows 10, were introduced to Windows 7 via Windows Updates.

The following updates should be uninstalled if present:

*KB3068708
*KB3022345
*KB3075249
*KB3080149

===Linux===
Linux-based operating systems are strongly recommended over proprietary operating systems like Windows due to the latter's inherent privacy and security issues. 
Installing a Linux distribution is easy. All that is needed is an .iso file downloaded from the distribution's official website, flashing it to a USB drive with a tool such as [https://rufus.ie/en/ Rufus] or burning to a CD/DVD. 
Booting a computer from this USB or DVD drive will begin the installation.
*'''Ubuntu'''
:[https://ubuntu.com/desktop Ubuntu] is the most popular and one of the most user-friendly Linux distributions. If you're looking for a place to start while switching away from Windows, Ubuntu is a decent choice.
*'''Fedora'''
:[https://getfedora.org/ Fedora] is another very popular Linux distribution, and in user friendliness equals Ubuntu. It also uses the most up to date releases of software and drivers, making it a good choice for newer hardware.

====Tips====
Virtually every popular Linux distribution will offer you to enable full disk encryption (LUKS) during the installation process. It is strongly recommended to enable this option (see [[Guide_To_Computer_Security_(2022)#Linux_installation|screenshots]]).

====Installation examples====
<Gallery heights=200px widths=200px>
File:ubuntu1.png|Ubuntu
File:fedora1.png|Fedora
File:Pop_os1.png|POP OS
</gallery>
===Live CDs===
Live operating systems require no installation except a USB or DVD drive they are flashed/burned onto and then booted from.
*'''Tails OS'''
:[https://tails.boum.org/ Tails] is a live operating system configured to be fully amnesic (leave no trace on the computer it is booted from) and use the Tor anonymity network.
*Many Linux distributions can be run in live mode as an alternative to installation.

==Data Protection==

===Encryption===

Encrypting files renders the data within them unintelligible. While Microsoft, hard drive manufacturers and other companies offer free encryption tools, these cannot be trusted in the event of a highly motivated adversary.

====Recommended Programs====

The following programs can probably be trusted to protect against the vast majority of adversaries, assuming that their settings are configured correctly and the operating system has been appropriately secured.

=====VeraCrypt=====

VeraCrypt is a fork of TrueCrypt, a program whose development is alleged by many to have been shut down by the US government. VeraCrypt is widely considered to provide the highest level of security of any free program. Donations to the project would always be welcome.

=====LUKS=====
LUKS is [[Guide_To_Computer_Security_(2022)#Linux|Linux]] inbuilt encryption utility. An option to encrypt the entire disk is offered while installing Linux. Afterwards it can be easily used to encrypt external devices through a graphical interface offered by the distribution's desktop environment.

=====BestCrypt=====

BestCrypt is a paid encryption product with similar functionality to VeraCrypt. It can be purchased along with highly effective data erasure software. Although expensive, it is a long established and very well trusted product.

====Encryption Options====

There are two main methods of encryption that are still relevant in 2022.

=====Whole Disk Encryption=====

Encrypting the entire disk renders all contents unreadable unless a password is provided. If you do not require plausible deniability and you do not care about giving the appearance of compliance, you can simply encrypt the entire disk and refuse to provide the password.

=====Volume Encryption=====

Volume encryption creates a file on your disk that functions as a virtual drive. These virtual drives have the same functionality as a physical drive. Using volume encryption allows you to encrypt only a portion of your disk, instead of encrypting the whole drive.

A major benefit of volume encryption for activists is the ability to create hidden volumes. Hidden volumes are created within the free space of a standard volume. Due to the way they're created, they are extremely difficult to detect. This provides excellent plausible deniability; you can hand over a key to the main volume and still nobody can prove that there is a second hidden volume containing the data that you really wish to keep private.

VeraCrypt has a feature allowing users to run an operating system from within a hidden container, reducing the risk of data leakage from improper operating system configuration.

===Secure Erasure===
In most cases, files deleted through conventional methods are '''still recoverable''', even after trash is emptied. Several tools exist to securely erase either specific files, entire partitions, or wipe free space on a disk to get rid of any remnants of files that were not erased securely.
====Windows====
[https://eraser.heidi.ie/ Eraser] can be used to erase select files, external drives, or wipe free space on the currently used drive.

====Other (entire disk)====
[https://dban.org/ DBAN] (Darik's Boot and Nuke), is used for wiping entire drives. It must be booted from an external drive. '''Warning: All data''' will be erased, including the operating system. If there are files you want to keep, you must back them up on another drive and unplug it from the computer before using DBAN.
An operating system must be reinstalled on the computer afterwards.

===Firewalls and Anti-Virus Protection===

===SSD Issues===

==Network Security==

===Proxies===

Proxies are used to hide your true IP address from another server or client. Many proxies are insecure and not suitable for use by MAP activists. Use of a malicious or unfriendly proxy server can be more dangerous than a direct connection.

====Web-based proxy servers====

Web-based proxies are of very limited utility for the MAP activist community. They provide a minimal level of obfuscation suitable only for circumventing bans and geographic restrictions, and many will already be blocked from popular websites. The service operator has the ability to monitor users and may well comply with authorities wrongly targeting MAPs.

====VPNs====

Similar to web-based proxies, VPNs place users at risk of monitoring by the service provider and anyone to whom they choose to provide access. They have the same practical purpose as web-based proxies for the MAP community.

====Tor====

Unlike web-based proxies and VPNs, Tor forwards data via an entry node and two more random nodes operated by volunteers. Data sent by the client is encrypted up to the exit node. Upon leaving the exit node, data is visible if not encrypted by other means (such as HTTPS), although the source of the data is unknown.

There are weaknesses within the Tor design, but it is the safest option for anonymous communication online. People who do not make themselves a major global target are unlikely to be identified due to any of the inherent weaknesses. User error is the biggest risk.

=====Using Tor safely=====

In 2022, Tor is most often used with Tor Browser, which is automatically configured to connect via the Tor network.

Tor Browser has three pre-configured security levels.

* 'Safest' disables any functionality that could be used to identify you. However, a lot of website features will no longer work. Social media, webmail and many other services will be unusable.

* 'Safer' disables some features that could be used to identify you, but not all. JavaScript is enabled on HTTPS sites. Social media, webmail and many other services will will usable, but there is a small risk of being identified via malicious scripts.

* 'Standard' does not disable any potentially dangerous functionality. There is a higher risk of being identified or attacked.

The final connection in the Tor circuit (between the exit node and the destination) is not encrypted by the Tor client. Therefore, any data sent will be visible by the operator of the exit node. Any sensitive information should be encrypted by other means. A simple HTTPS connection is one solution. The '''HTTPS Everywhere''' extension forces a HTTPS connection for all compatible services.

===E-mail===
====Providers====
* [https://tutanota.com/ Tutanota] is a privacy-respecting e-mail provider that offers both a free and paid model. There is a two-day waiting period on newly registered accounts before they can be used.

===Chat===
General recommendations for chat and instant messaging software is avoiding proprietary solutions and anything lacking end-to-end encryption. A work-in-progress list of open source messaging software with end-to-end encryption capability is offered below:
* [https://getsession.org/ Session] is one example of an easy to use open source messenger that also minimizes metadata.

==Operational Security==

===Search engines / Googling===
It is recommended to use a privacy-respecting search engine instead of Google.
*[https://www.startpage.com/ Startpage] offers results from Google without Google's tracking mechanisms. This also means the results are not personalized.
*[https://duckduckgo.com/ DuckDuckGo] is a popular search engine that claims to respect privacy of its users.

===Fingerprinting===

===Social Engineering===

==Cryptocurrency==

==Perspective==

==Useful Links==

==Screenshots==
===Linux installation===
During the installation step that asks you about the disk to use for your operating system, tick the checkbox to '''Encrypt your data''' (under '''Advanced Features''' in the Ubuntu example). 
 
'''Ubuntu''' 

<Gallery heights=200px widths=200px>
File:ubuntu4.png
File:ubuntu5.png
File:ubuntu6.png
File:ubuntu8.png
File:ubuntu9.png
File:ubuntu10.png
</gallery>

'''Fedora''' 

<Gallery heights=200px widths=200px>
File:Fedora3.png
File:Fedora4.png
File:Fedora5.png
File:Fedora7.png
</gallery>

File:Fedora16.png

2022-07-12T22:25:01Z