Cognitive distortion (psychology) - Revision history

The Admins at 20:27, 25 April 2009

2009-04-25T20:27:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:27, 25 April 2009
Line 1:		Line 1:
	'''Cognitive distortions''' are inaccurate thoughts or ideas identified in [[cognitive therapy]] and its variants, which maintain negative thinking and help to maintain negative emotions. These were proposed by David D. Burns, MD. <ref name="beck">Aaron T. Beck ''Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders''. International Universities Press Inc., 1975. ISBN 0-8236-0990-1</ref> These thinking patterns have been identified in arguments against [[homosexuality]], adult-minor sex and other popular folk-devils.		__NOTOC__'''Cognitive distortions''' are inaccurate thoughts or ideas identified in [[cognitive therapy]] and its variants, which maintain negative thinking and help to maintain negative emotions. These were proposed by David D. Burns, MD. <ref name="beck">Aaron T. Beck ''Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders''. International Universities Press Inc., 1975. ISBN 0-8236-0990-1</ref> These thinking patterns have been identified in arguments against [[homosexuality]], adult-minor sex and other popular folk-devils.

	This article does not refer to the [[Cognitive distortion (pseudoscience)\|mis-application]] of the concept by [[victimology\|victimologists]].		This article does not refer to the [[Cognitive distortion (pseudoscience)\|mis-application]] of the concept by [[victimology\|victimologists]].

The Admins at 15:30, 24 February 2009

2009-02-24T15:30:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:30, 24 February 2009
Line 1:		Line 1:
	'''Cognitive distortions''' are inaccurate thoughts or ideas identified in [[cognitive therapy]] and its variants, which maintain negative thinking and help to maintain negative emotions. These were proposed by David D. Burns, MD. <ref name="beck">Aaron T. Beck ''Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders''. International Universities Press Inc., 1975. ISBN 0-8236-0990-1</ref> These thinking patterns have been identified in arguments against [[homosexuality]], adult-minor sex and other popular folk-devils.		'''Cognitive distortions''' are inaccurate thoughts or ideas identified in [[cognitive therapy]] and its variants, which maintain negative thinking and help to maintain negative emotions. These were proposed by David D. Burns, MD. <ref name="beck">Aaron T. Beck ''Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders''. International Universities Press Inc., 1975. ISBN 0-8236-0990-1</ref> These thinking patterns have been identified in arguments against [[homosexuality]], adult-minor sex and other popular folk-devils.

			This article does not refer to the [[Cognitive distortion (pseudoscience)\|mis-application]] of the concept by [[victimology\|victimologists]].

	== List of distortions ==		== List of distortions ==

Rez at 21:03, 8 January 2009

2009-01-08T21:03:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:03, 8 January 2009
Line 5:		Line 5:
	Related links are suggested in parentheses.		Related links are suggested in parentheses.

	#'''All-or-nothing thinking''' - Thinking of things in absolute terms, like "always", "every" or "never". Few aspects of human behavior are so absolute. (See [[Logical fallacies and intergenerational sexuality\|false dichotomy]].)		#'''All-or-nothing thinking''' - Thinking of things in absolute terms, like "always", "every" or "never". Few aspects of human behavior are so absolute. (See [[Debate Guide: Logical fallacies and intergenerational sexuality\|false dichotomy]].)
	#'''Overgeneralization''' - Taking isolated cases and using them to make wide generalizations. (See [[Logical fallacies and intergenerational sexuality\|biased sample]].)		#'''Overgeneralization''' - Taking isolated cases and using them to make wide generalizations. (See [[Debate Guide: Logical fallacies and intergenerational sexuality\|biased sample]].)
	#'''Mental filter''' - Focusing exclusively on certain, usually negative or upsetting, aspects of something while ignoring the rest, like a tiny imperfection in a piece of clothing.		#'''Mental filter''' - Focusing exclusively on certain, usually negative or upsetting, aspects of something while ignoring the rest, like a tiny imperfection in a piece of clothing.
	#'''Disqualifying the positive''' - Continually "shooting down" positive experiences for arbitrary, ad hoc reasons.		#'''Disqualifying the positive''' - Continually "shooting down" positive experiences for arbitrary, ad hoc reasons.
Line 14:		Line 14:
	# '''Magnification''' and '''Minimization''' - Inappropriately understating or exaggerating the way people or situations truly are. Often the positive characteristics of ''other people'' are exaggerated and negative characteristics are understated. There is one subtype of magnification:		# '''Magnification''' and '''Minimization''' - Inappropriately understating or exaggerating the way people or situations truly are. Often the positive characteristics of ''other people'' are exaggerated and negative characteristics are understated. There is one subtype of magnification:
	#* ''Catastrophizing'' - Focusing on the worst possible outcome, however unlikely, or thinking that a situation is unbearable or impossible when it is really just uncomfortable.		#* ''Catastrophizing'' - Focusing on the worst possible outcome, however unlikely, or thinking that a situation is unbearable or impossible when it is really just uncomfortable.
	# '''Emotional reasoning''' - Making decisions and arguments based on how you ''feel'' rather than objective reality. (See [[Logical fallacies and intergenerational sexuality\|appeal to consequences]].)		# '''Emotional reasoning''' - Making decisions and arguments based on how you ''feel'' rather than objective reality. (See [[Debate Guide: Logical fallacies and intergenerational sexuality\|appeal to consequences]].)
	# Making '''should statements''' - Concentrating on what you think "should" or ought to be rather than the actual situation you are faced with, or having '''rigid rules''' which you think should always apply no matter what the circumstances are. [[Albert Ellis]] termed this "Musturbation".		# Making '''should statements''' - Concentrating on what you think "should" or ought to be rather than the actual situation you are faced with, or having '''rigid rules''' which you think should always apply no matter what the circumstances are. [[Albert Ellis]] termed this "Musturbation".
	# '''Labeling''' - Explaining behaviors or events, merely by naming them; related to overgeneralization. Rather than describing the specific behavior, you assign a label to someone or yourself that puts them in absolute and unalterable terms.		# '''Labeling''' - Explaining behaviors or events, merely by naming them; related to overgeneralization. Rather than describing the specific behavior, you assign a label to someone or yourself that puts them in absolute and unalterable terms.

Rez: New page: '''Cognitive distortions''' are inaccurate thoughts or ideas identified in cognitive therapy and its variants, which maintain negative thinking and help to maintain negative emotions. ...

2009-01-08T21:02:02Z

New page: '''Cognitive distortions''' are inaccurate thoughts or ideas identified in cognitive therapy and its variants, which maintain negative thinking and help to maintain negative emotions. ...

New page

'''Cognitive distortions''' are inaccurate thoughts or ideas identified in [[cognitive therapy]] and its variants, which maintain negative thinking and help to maintain negative emotions. These were proposed by David D. Burns, MD. <ref name="beck">Aaron T. Beck ''Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders''. International Universities Press Inc., 1975. ISBN 0-8236-0990-1</ref> These thinking patterns have been identified in arguments against [[homosexuality]], adult-minor sex and other popular folk-devils.

== List of distortions ==

Related links are suggested in parentheses.

#'''All-or-nothing thinking''' - Thinking of things in absolute terms, like "always", "every" or "never". Few aspects of human behavior are so absolute. (See [[Logical fallacies and intergenerational sexuality|false dichotomy]].)
#'''Overgeneralization''' - Taking isolated cases and using them to make wide generalizations. (See [[Logical fallacies and intergenerational sexuality|biased sample]].)
#'''Mental filter''' - Focusing exclusively on certain, usually negative or upsetting, aspects of something while ignoring the rest, like a tiny imperfection in a piece of clothing.
#'''Disqualifying the positive''' - Continually "shooting down" positive experiences for arbitrary, ad hoc reasons.
#'''Jumping to conclusions''' - Assuming something negative where there is no evidence to support it. Two specific subtypes are also identified:
#* ''Mind reading'' - Assuming the intentions of others.
#* ''Fortune telling'' - Predicting how things will turn before they happen.
# '''Magnification''' and '''Minimization''' - Inappropriately understating or exaggerating the way people or situations truly are. Often the positive characteristics of ''other people'' are exaggerated and negative characteristics are understated. There is one subtype of magnification:
#* ''Catastrophizing'' - Focusing on the worst possible outcome, however unlikely, or thinking that a situation is unbearable or impossible when it is really just uncomfortable.
# '''Emotional reasoning''' - Making decisions and arguments based on how you ''feel'' rather than objective reality. (See [[Logical fallacies and intergenerational sexuality|appeal to consequences]].)
# Making '''should statements''' - Concentrating on what you think "should" or ought to be rather than the actual situation you are faced with, or having '''rigid rules''' which you think should always apply no matter what the circumstances are. [[Albert Ellis]] termed this "Musturbation".
# '''Labeling''' - Explaining behaviors or events, merely by naming them; related to overgeneralization. Rather than describing the specific behavior, you assign a label to someone or yourself that puts them in absolute and unalterable terms.
# '''Personalization''' (or attribution) - Assuming you or others directly caused things when that may not have been the case. When applied to others, blame is an example.

==See also==

* [[Debate Guide: Logical fallacies and intergenerational sexuality]]

==References==
<references/>

==External links==

*[http://www.uwec.edu/counsel/pubs/defn.htm Definition of cognitive distortions]
*[http://depression.about.com/cs/psychotherapy/a/cognitive_2.htm About.com: depression: What are cognitive distortions?]
*[http://www.ananddhillon.com/blog/2008/06/cognitive-distortions/ Cognitive distortions and empowering cognitions]

[[Category:Official Encyclopedia]][[Category:Hysteria]][[Category:Terminology]][[Category:Terminology: Academic]][[Category:Debate]][[Category: Debate Advice & Technique]][[Category:Logic]][[Category:Research]][[Category:Research: Broader Perspectives]]