Debate Guide: Misdefinitions and Rhetorical Manipulation: Difference between revisions

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<div style="margin-right: 25px; float: left;">__TOC__</div>To promote a consistent and amicable debate, you must be on the same page as your opponent with language. Opponents will misdefine common phrases in order to get away with indefensible arguments. As far as labelling is concerned, remember to make the point that there is no such thing as 'the pedophile', no more so than 'the heterophile/homophile'. [[Minor Attracted Person|Minor attracted people]] have no essential characteristics that distinguish them, save that their attractions are strongly directed towards younger people. Therefore, MAPs should not be the exclusive targets of depersonalization. Point out the following examples:
<div style="margin-left: 25px; float: right;">__TOC__</div>To promote a consistent and amicable debate, you must be on the same page as your opponent with language. Opponents will misdefine common phrases in order to get away with indefensible arguments. As far as labelling is concerned, remember to make the point there is no such thing as 'the pedophile', no more so than 'the heterophile/homophile'. [[Minor Attracted Person|Minor attracted people]] have no essential characteristics that distinguish them, save their attractions are strongly directed towards younger people. Therefore, MAPs should not be the exclusive targets of depersonalization. Point out the following examples:


==Pedophilia==
==Pedophilia==
Line 8: Line 8:
*"[[Minor-adult sex]]"  
*"[[Minor-adult sex]]"  
*"Attraction to minors" or "attraction to a considerably younger person"  
*"Attraction to minors" or "attraction to a considerably younger person"  
*"Pornographic material"
*"Pornographic material featuring minors", or "Child Pedophilia" (a common malapropism)
*...even as a "social issue/problem/topic"
*...even as a "social issue/problem/topic"


[[Pedophilia]] ''is'' a sexual attraction towards prepubescent children. Dictionaries provide basic definitions, e.g. 'sexual desire directed towards children' (Oxford, 1991), and sometimes specify the colloquial uses. Abuse of a child should not automatically qualify a person as a Pedophile, as the etymology of Pedophilia does not relate to behavior.
'''[[Pedophilia]] is a sexual attraction towards prepubescent children.'''


===Pederast===
Dictionaries provide basic definitions, e.g. 'sexual desire directed towards children' (Oxford, 1991), and sometimes specify the colloquial uses. Sexual contact with a child or minor should not automatically qualify a person as a Pedophile. Not only does the etymology of Pedophilia not relate to such behavior, but most of these crimes are [[Research: Offender characteristics|conducted by non-pedophiles]]. Diagnostic criteria clearly state that a ''pedophilic'' attraction must be present, and various experts and child-protection agencies also point this out.<ref>[https://learning.nspcc.org.uk/news/why-language-matters/paedophile-problematic-caution NSPCC: Use "Paedophile" cautiously]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170630142857/https://medium.com/pedophiles-about-pedophilia/the-stigmatization-of-pedophilia-71e956dfed02 Enderphile blog post including the BBC's response to misdefinition of pedophile]</ref>


This is a [[Pederasty|word for a man who interacts 'sexually' with adolescent/pubescent boys]]. It derives from "boy love" the combination of “παίδ-” (the Greek stem for boy or child) with “ἐραστής” (Greek for lover; cf. “eros”). It has been manipulated in modern times, so that it refers to the anal penetration of underage boys, homosexuality, or any form of child rape.
===Hebephilia and Ephebophilia===


===Hebephilia and Ephebophilia===
You can introduce these [[chronophilia]]s alongside a critique of your opponent's definitions. [[Hebephilia]] is defined as a sexual attraction towards pubescents. [[Ephebophilia]] is more controversial, since the target (post pubescent youth, sometimes defined as late teens) is sexually mature, making the attraction a so-called [[Chronophilia|"normophilia"]].
 
===[[Minor Attracted Person]]===
 
Often characterized as "[[Wikipedia:Newspeak|Newspeak]]", or "Orwellian" "loaded language", the use of this criticism is an inversion of reality that exposes whoever uses it as a cultist. [[Wikipedia:Loaded language|Language loading]] means entrenching ideology within vocabulary so that people can't speak or think outside of it. Anti "[[Grooming|groomer]]" cultists, conspiracy theorists and victimological/"radical" [[Feminism|feminists]] use it to mean ''not'' entrenching ideology, since their [[List of obfuscatory terms used by authorities|own lexicon]] is itself heavily loaded.
 
===Pederasty===


You can introduce these [[chronophilia]]s alongside a critique of your opponent's definitions. [[Hebephilia]] is defined as a sexual attraction towards pubescents. [[Ephebophilia]] is more controversial, since the target (post pubescent youth, sometimes defined as late teens) is sexually mature and most probably [[Teleiophilia|teleiophilic]].
This is a [[Pederasty|word for ''practiced'' erotic love between a man and adolescent/pubescent boys]]. It derives from "boy love" the combination of “παίδ-” (the Greek stem for boy or child) with “ἐραστής” (Greek for lover; cf. “eros”). It has been manipulated in variable ways during modern times, referring to the anal penetration of underage boys, homosexuality, or any form of child rape.


==Abuse, molestation==
==Abuse, molestation==
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These terms may be adopted by your opponent, but should be challenged, and not adopted as parameters of debate. Use more neutral terms yourself, such as "minor", "teen", "age-discrepancy", "sexual"/"genital contact", "intimacy".  
These terms may be adopted by your opponent, but should be challenged, and not adopted as parameters of debate. Use more neutral terms yourself, such as "minor", "teen", "age-discrepancy", "sexual"/"genital contact", "intimacy".  


One notable problem is when someone may quote a [[Research|studies]] that conclude that "[[child sexual abuse]]" is uniquely and intensively harmful. These false-diagnostics are based upon [[Research: Methodological flaws and syndrome construction|methodological and sampling flaws]] that are as common as they are predictable. Thankfully, methodology has been improving over the last couple of decades, with many of the confounding variables being weeded out. Still, you must point out precisely how [[Research: Prevalence of Harm and Negative Outcomes|the evidence]] conflicts with theirs, instead of just linking it.
The most likely reason you will not be able to force your opponent to adopt trauma-neutral language, is they will quote [[Research|studies]] concluding that "[[child sexual abuse]]" is uniquely and intensively harmful. These false-diagnostics are based upon [[Research: Methodological flaws and syndrome construction|methodological and sampling flaws]] that are as common as they are predictable. Thankfully, methodology has been improving over the last couple of decades, with many of the confounding variables being weeded out. Still, you must point out precisely how [[Research: Prevalence of Harm and Negative Outcomes|the evidence]] conflicts with theirs, instead of just linking it.


===Fucking===
===Fucking===


This is an objectifying term that presents sexual intimacy as something that is done by an older partner unto a younger one. It assumes penetration and has coercive overtones. A reasoned debate can only be had if the very definitions that we use are objective, and preferably shared by all sides of a debate. The well-known author and feminist, [[Patrick Califa]], has noted that if engaging in sexual relations with their partners, [[boylove]]rs generally show more concern for the pleasure of their partners than does the average heterophile.
This is an objectifying term that presents sexual intimacy as something that is done by an older partner unto a younger one. It assumes penetration, the ''direction'' of penetration, and thus has coercive overtones. A reasoned debate can only be had if the very definitions that we use are objective, and preferably shared by all sides of a debate. The well-known author and feminist, [[Patrick Califia]], has noted that if engaging in sexual relations with their partners, [[boylove]]rs generally show more concern for the pleasure of their partners than does the average heterophile.
 
===Rape===
 
Opponents will often attempt to use the term "rape" in an arbitrary/statutory manner, defining lack of "informed [[consent]]" as the only necessary feature. This is problematic, since [[consent]] is itself an arbitrary concept. By defining rape arbitrarily, we undermine the gravity of traumatic experiences, while attempting to reinterpret positive lived experiences as abuse. This is unhelpful, and counter to [[Research|evidence collected in relation to the experiences of children and minors]].


=='Normal' / 'Normality'==
=='Normal' / 'Normality'==
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If your opponent uses this term, be sure to point out that it is an entirely relative concept. You should suggest that 'normal' only means "relatively common". Female inferiority? Slavery? White supremacy? Castration of sexual deviants? All of these were considered normal.
If your opponent uses this term, be sure to point out that it is an entirely relative concept. You should suggest that 'normal' only means "relatively common". Female inferiority? Slavery? White supremacy? Castration of sexual deviants? All of these were considered normal.


==Rhetorical Manipulations==
==Other manipulations==


:''We consider misuse of '''language''' an argument against the scheme as opposed to an advice section. See [[Debate Guide: Abuse of language]].''
:''We consider abuse of '''grammar and phraseology''' a separate topic. See [[Debate Guide: Abuse of language]].''


The use of persuasive effect in language is an important part of debate. When possible, the use of superficial rhetoric, especially that which builds upon misdefinitions should be identified and dismissed.
The use of persuasive effect in language is an important part of debate. When possible, the use of superficial rhetoric, especially that which builds upon misdefinitions should be identified and dismissed.
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==="Sexual relationships" as an example===
==="Sexual relationships" as an example===


An opponent may deliberately or unknowingly profit from rhetorical effect by always describing adult-minor sexual interactions as "sexual relationships". Your opponent is mentally superimposing adult relationship models upon the hypothetical relationship in question. This western "adult" relationship model is constructed to satisfy the needs and rights of modern, western "adults", and not younger people. Another implication here, is that a relationship involving sexual intimacy, is ''necessarily and primarily'' a "sexual relationship". Other factors are neglected, since our preconception of a "pedophile" relationship is heavily biased; indeed, the sex is under an undue level of scrutiny.
An opponent may deliberately or unknowingly profit from rhetorical effect by holding adult-minor sexual interactions to a "sexual relationship" standard. By using the language "sexual relationship", your opponent is mentally superimposing traditional adult relationship models upon the hypothetical age-disparate relation in question. The Western "adult" relationship norm is constructed to satisfy the needs and rights of modern, western "adults", mainly heterosexuals, and not younger people and their partners. See, for example how homosexuals, following their own liberation, have been fast to adopt more open and casual relationship models via the internet and GPS dating apps. These permit and encourage casual connections based on raw attraction, absent traditional factors such as romance and commitment.
 
Another assumption embedded in this langage, is the idea that a relationship involving sexual intimacy is ''necessarily and primarily'' a "sexual relationship". Other factors are neglected, since our preconception of a "pedophile" relationship is heavily biased; indeed, the sex is under an undue level of scrutiny. MAPs frequently complain of how their personal experiences are being sexualized by wider society.


[[Accounts and Testimonies|Accounts]] and [[research]] might help us understand how these relations may develop under an emancipation model.
[[Accounts and Testimonies|Accounts]] and [[research]] might help us understand how these relations may eventually develop under a youth emancipation model.


==Addressing non-constructive participants and low-quality opponents==
==Addressing non-constructive/low-quality opponents==


Some members of bulletin boards are fond of shouting from the sidelines while making absolutely no constructive points at all.
Some members of bulletin boards are fond of shouting from the sidelines while making absolutely no constructive points at all.


Never forget - however hard it may seem, that there are lurking members and at least twice as many non - members viewing the discussions on a bulletin board. So hyperbolic rebuttals and expressed disgust (lest they happen) are by no means the end of a debate. In fact, when others overshoot - it may only serve to give power to your side of the debate.
Never forget - there are lurking members and at least twice as many non - members viewing the discussions on a bulletin board. So hyperbolic rebuttals and expressed disgust (lest they happen) are by no means the end of a debate. In fact, when others overshoot - it may only serve to give power to your side of the debate.


Linking an opponent's disruptive behavior with their beliefs may work if it is done carefully, but indifference or a humorous reply is more likely to undermine their efforts. If the board has a good moderation policy, it may be worthwhile reporting threatening or accusative content to moderators, although such "lawyering" often undermines your credibility, and risks validating flippant, insulting remarks. Remind yourself that with the rule of reason on your side, you should never be effectively countered with jibes, which are themselves easily dismissed.
Linking an opponent's disruptive behavior with their beliefs may work if it is done carefully, but indifference or a humorous reply is more likely to undermine their efforts. If the board has a good moderation policy, it may be worthwhile reporting threatening or accusative content to moderators, although such "lawyering" often undermines your credibility, and risks validating flippant, insulting remarks. Remind yourself that with the rule of reason on your side, you should never be effectively countered with jibes, which are themselves easily dismissed.
Line 57: Line 69:
==="Concise Lede" approach===
==="Concise Lede" approach===


If you feel that a "point by point" response to an over-reacting, emotional, repetitive, fallacious/low-quality opponent has effectively obscured your core contentions, it may be worthwhile to summarize your objection at the start of a post. Considering that your contributions may be "[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Too_long;_didn%27t_read TLDR]" for most readers, it is important to emphasize your main contention at the beginning of each large post, explaining why it has not changed in light of new argument. It is also advisable to stress your main contention/s repeatedly throughout your reply, if you are addressing tangential arguments that may serve to distract.  
If you feel that a "point by point" response to an over-reacting, emotional, repetitive, fallacious/low-quality opponent has effectively obscured your core contentions, it may be worthwhile to summarize your objection at the start of a post. Considering that your contributions may be "[[wikipedia:Too_long;_didn't_read|TL;DR]]" for most readers, it is important to emphasize your main contention at the beginning of each large post, explaining why it has not changed in light of new argument. It is also advisable to relate back to your main contention/s, if you are addressing bulky, tangential arguments that may serve to distract.  
 
==References==


[[Category:Debate]][[Category: Debate Advice & Technique]]
[[Category:Debate]][[Category: Debate Advice & Technique]]
[[fr:Guide de débat: Répondre aux fautes de définitions]]
[[fr:Guide de débat: Répondre aux fautes de définitions]]

Latest revision as of 01:44, 9 November 2024

To promote a consistent and amicable debate, you must be on the same page as your opponent with language. Opponents will misdefine common phrases in order to get away with indefensible arguments. As far as labelling is concerned, remember to make the point there is no such thing as 'the pedophile', no more so than 'the heterophile/homophile'. Minor attracted people have no essential characteristics that distinguish them, save their attractions are strongly directed towards younger people. Therefore, MAPs should not be the exclusive targets of depersonalization. Point out the following examples:

Pedophilia

Simple response to misdefinition

Pedophilia is commonly, and often simultaneously, misdefined as:

  • "Child Sexual Abuse" or "a crime"
  • "Minor-adult sex"
  • "Attraction to minors" or "attraction to a considerably younger person"
  • "Pornographic material featuring minors", or "Child Pedophilia" (a common malapropism)
  • ...even as a "social issue/problem/topic"

Pedophilia is a sexual attraction towards prepubescent children.

Dictionaries provide basic definitions, e.g. 'sexual desire directed towards children' (Oxford, 1991), and sometimes specify the colloquial uses. Sexual contact with a child or minor should not automatically qualify a person as a Pedophile. Not only does the etymology of Pedophilia not relate to such behavior, but most of these crimes are conducted by non-pedophiles. Diagnostic criteria clearly state that a pedophilic attraction must be present, and various experts and child-protection agencies also point this out.[1][2]

Hebephilia and Ephebophilia

You can introduce these chronophilias alongside a critique of your opponent's definitions. Hebephilia is defined as a sexual attraction towards pubescents. Ephebophilia is more controversial, since the target (post pubescent youth, sometimes defined as late teens) is sexually mature, making the attraction a so-called "normophilia".

Minor Attracted Person

Often characterized as "Newspeak", or "Orwellian" "loaded language", the use of this criticism is an inversion of reality that exposes whoever uses it as a cultist. Language loading means entrenching ideology within vocabulary so that people can't speak or think outside of it. Anti "groomer" cultists, conspiracy theorists and victimological/"radical" feminists use it to mean not entrenching ideology, since their own lexicon is itself heavily loaded.

Pederasty

This is a word for practiced erotic love between a man and adolescent/pubescent boys. It derives from "boy love" the combination of “παίδ-” (the Greek stem for boy or child) with “ἐραστής” (Greek for lover; cf. “eros”). It has been manipulated in variable ways during modern times, referring to the anal penetration of underage boys, homosexuality, or any form of child rape.

Abuse, molestation

These terms may be adopted by your opponent, but should be challenged, and not adopted as parameters of debate. Use more neutral terms yourself, such as "minor", "teen", "age-discrepancy", "sexual"/"genital contact", "intimacy".

The most likely reason you will not be able to force your opponent to adopt trauma-neutral language, is they will quote studies concluding that "child sexual abuse" is uniquely and intensively harmful. These false-diagnostics are based upon methodological and sampling flaws that are as common as they are predictable. Thankfully, methodology has been improving over the last couple of decades, with many of the confounding variables being weeded out. Still, you must point out precisely how the evidence conflicts with theirs, instead of just linking it.

Fucking

This is an objectifying term that presents sexual intimacy as something that is done by an older partner unto a younger one. It assumes penetration, the direction of penetration, and thus has coercive overtones. A reasoned debate can only be had if the very definitions that we use are objective, and preferably shared by all sides of a debate. The well-known author and feminist, Patrick Califia, has noted that if engaging in sexual relations with their partners, boylovers generally show more concern for the pleasure of their partners than does the average heterophile.

Rape

Opponents will often attempt to use the term "rape" in an arbitrary/statutory manner, defining lack of "informed consent" as the only necessary feature. This is problematic, since consent is itself an arbitrary concept. By defining rape arbitrarily, we undermine the gravity of traumatic experiences, while attempting to reinterpret positive lived experiences as abuse. This is unhelpful, and counter to evidence collected in relation to the experiences of children and minors.

'Normal' / 'Normality'

If your opponent uses this term, be sure to point out that it is an entirely relative concept. You should suggest that 'normal' only means "relatively common". Female inferiority? Slavery? White supremacy? Castration of sexual deviants? All of these were considered normal.

Other manipulations

We consider abuse of grammar and phraseology a separate topic. See Debate Guide: Abuse of language.

The use of persuasive effect in language is an important part of debate. When possible, the use of superficial rhetoric, especially that which builds upon misdefinitions should be identified and dismissed.

"Sexual relationships" as an example

An opponent may deliberately or unknowingly profit from rhetorical effect by holding adult-minor sexual interactions to a "sexual relationship" standard. By using the language "sexual relationship", your opponent is mentally superimposing traditional adult relationship models upon the hypothetical age-disparate relation in question. The Western "adult" relationship norm is constructed to satisfy the needs and rights of modern, western "adults", mainly heterosexuals, and not younger people and their partners. See, for example how homosexuals, following their own liberation, have been fast to adopt more open and casual relationship models via the internet and GPS dating apps. These permit and encourage casual connections based on raw attraction, absent traditional factors such as romance and commitment.

Another assumption embedded in this langage, is the idea that a relationship involving sexual intimacy is necessarily and primarily a "sexual relationship". Other factors are neglected, since our preconception of a "pedophile" relationship is heavily biased; indeed, the sex is under an undue level of scrutiny. MAPs frequently complain of how their personal experiences are being sexualized by wider society.

Accounts and research might help us understand how these relations may eventually develop under a youth emancipation model.

Addressing non-constructive/low-quality opponents

Some members of bulletin boards are fond of shouting from the sidelines while making absolutely no constructive points at all.

Never forget - there are lurking members and at least twice as many non - members viewing the discussions on a bulletin board. So hyperbolic rebuttals and expressed disgust (lest they happen) are by no means the end of a debate. In fact, when others overshoot - it may only serve to give power to your side of the debate.

Linking an opponent's disruptive behavior with their beliefs may work if it is done carefully, but indifference or a humorous reply is more likely to undermine their efforts. If the board has a good moderation policy, it may be worthwhile reporting threatening or accusative content to moderators, although such "lawyering" often undermines your credibility, and risks validating flippant, insulting remarks. Remind yourself that with the rule of reason on your side, you should never be effectively countered with jibes, which are themselves easily dismissed.

"Concise Lede" approach

If you feel that a "point by point" response to an over-reacting, emotional, repetitive, fallacious/low-quality opponent has effectively obscured your core contentions, it may be worthwhile to summarize your objection at the start of a post. Considering that your contributions may be "TL;DR" for most readers, it is important to emphasize your main contention at the beginning of each large post, explaining why it has not changed in light of new argument. It is also advisable to relate back to your main contention/s, if you are addressing bulky, tangential arguments that may serve to distract.

References